diff --git a/backend/ent/group.go b/backend/ent/group.go
index e6ffdec453..4cff508698 100644
--- a/backend/ent/group.go
+++ b/backend/ent/group.go
@@ -117,6 +117,10 @@ type Group struct {
 	ModelsListConfig domain.GroupModelsListConfig `json:"models_list_config,omitempty"`
 	// 分组 RPM 上限，0 表示不限制；设置后接管该分组用户的限流
 	RpmLimit int `json:"rpm_limit,omitempty"`
+	// OpenAI reasoning effort 上限；可选 minimal/low/medium/high/xhigh/max
+	MaxReasoningEffort string `json:"max_reasoning_effort,omitempty"`
+	// OpenAI reasoning effort 自定义精确映射；先映射再应用上限
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping `json:"reasoning_effort_mappings,omitempty"`
 	// Edges holds the relations/edges for other nodes in the graph.
 	// The values are being populated by the GroupQuery when eager-loading is set.
 	Edges        GroupEdges `json:"edges"`
@@ -223,7 +227,7 @@ func (*Group) scanValues(columns []string) ([]any, error) {
 	values := make([]any, len(columns))
 	for i := range columns {
 		switch columns[i] {
-		case group.FieldModelRouting, group.FieldSupportedModelScopes, group.FieldMessagesDispatchModelConfig, group.FieldModelsListConfig:
+		case group.FieldModelRouting, group.FieldSupportedModelScopes, group.FieldMessagesDispatchModelConfig, group.FieldModelsListConfig, group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings:
 			values[i] = new([]byte)
 		case group.FieldPeakRateEnabled, group.FieldIsExclusive, group.FieldAllowImageGeneration, group.FieldAllowBatchImageGeneration, group.FieldImageRateIndependent, group.FieldVideoRateIndependent, group.FieldClaudeCodeOnly, group.FieldModelRoutingEnabled, group.FieldMcpXMLInject, group.FieldAllowMessagesDispatch, group.FieldRequireOauthOnly, group.FieldRequirePrivacySet:
 			values[i] = new(sql.NullBool)
@@ -231,7 +235,7 @@ func (*Group) scanValues(columns []string) ([]any, error) {
 			values[i] = new(sql.NullFloat64)
 		case group.FieldID, group.FieldDefaultValidityDays, group.FieldFallbackGroupID, group.FieldFallbackGroupIDOnInvalidRequest, group.FieldSortOrder, group.FieldRpmLimit:
 			values[i] = new(sql.NullInt64)
-		case group.FieldName, group.FieldDescription, group.FieldPeakStart, group.FieldPeakEnd, group.FieldStatus, group.FieldDuplicateOperationID, group.FieldPlatform, group.FieldSubscriptionType, group.FieldDefaultMappedModel:
+		case group.FieldName, group.FieldDescription, group.FieldPeakStart, group.FieldPeakEnd, group.FieldStatus, group.FieldDuplicateOperationID, group.FieldPlatform, group.FieldSubscriptionType, group.FieldDefaultMappedModel, group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort:
 			values[i] = new(sql.NullString)
 		case group.FieldCreatedAt, group.FieldUpdatedAt, group.FieldDeletedAt:
 			values[i] = new(sql.NullTime)
@@ -573,6 +577,20 @@ func (_m *Group) assignValues(columns []string, values []any) error {
 			} else if value.Valid {
 				_m.RpmLimit = int(value.Int64)
 			}
+		case group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort:
+			if value, ok := values[i].(*sql.NullString); !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unexpected type %T for field max_reasoning_effort", values[i])
+			} else if value.Valid {
+				_m.MaxReasoningEffort = value.String
+			}
+		case group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings:
+			if value, ok := values[i].(*[]byte); !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unexpected type %T for field reasoning_effort_mappings", values[i])
+			} else if value != nil && len(*value) > 0 {
+				if err := json.Unmarshal(*value, &_m.ReasoningEffortMappings); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal field reasoning_effort_mappings: %w", err)
+				}
+			}
 		default:
 			_m.selectValues.Set(columns[i], values[i])
 		}
@@ -825,6 +843,12 @@ func (_m *Group) String() string {
 	builder.WriteString(", ")
 	builder.WriteString("rpm_limit=")
 	builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%v", _m.RpmLimit))
+	builder.WriteString(", ")
+	builder.WriteString("max_reasoning_effort=")
+	builder.WriteString(_m.MaxReasoningEffort)
+	builder.WriteString(", ")
+	builder.WriteString("reasoning_effort_mappings=")
+	builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%v", _m.ReasoningEffortMappings))
 	builder.WriteByte(')')
 	return builder.String()
 }
diff --git a/backend/ent/group/group.go b/backend/ent/group/group.go
index efe2eaa066..cdf0bb9cd3 100644
--- a/backend/ent/group/group.go
+++ b/backend/ent/group/group.go
@@ -114,6 +114,10 @@ const (
 	FieldModelsListConfig = "models_list_config"
 	// FieldRpmLimit holds the string denoting the rpm_limit field in the database.
 	FieldRpmLimit = "rpm_limit"
+	// FieldMaxReasoningEffort holds the string denoting the max_reasoning_effort field in the database.
+	FieldMaxReasoningEffort = "max_reasoning_effort"
+	// FieldReasoningEffortMappings holds the string denoting the reasoning_effort_mappings field in the database.
+	FieldReasoningEffortMappings = "reasoning_effort_mappings"
 	// EdgeAPIKeys holds the string denoting the api_keys edge name in mutations.
 	EdgeAPIKeys = "api_keys"
 	// EdgeRedeemCodes holds the string denoting the redeem_codes edge name in mutations.
@@ -238,6 +242,8 @@ var Columns = []string{
 	FieldMessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 	FieldModelsListConfig,
 	FieldRpmLimit,
+	FieldMaxReasoningEffort,
+	FieldReasoningEffortMappings,
 }
 
 var (
@@ -349,6 +355,12 @@ var (
 	DefaultModelsListConfig domain.GroupModelsListConfig
 	// DefaultRpmLimit holds the default value on creation for the "rpm_limit" field.
 	DefaultRpmLimit int
+	// DefaultMaxReasoningEffort holds the default value on creation for the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+	DefaultMaxReasoningEffort string
+	// MaxReasoningEffortValidator is a validator for the "max_reasoning_effort" field. It is called by the builders before save.
+	MaxReasoningEffortValidator func(string) error
+	// DefaultReasoningEffortMappings holds the default value on creation for the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+	DefaultReasoningEffortMappings []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping
 )
 
 // OrderOption defines the ordering options for the Group queries.
@@ -584,6 +596,11 @@ func ByRpmLimit(opts ...sql.OrderTermOption) OrderOption {
 	return sql.OrderByField(FieldRpmLimit, opts...).ToFunc()
 }
 
+// ByMaxReasoningEffort orders the results by the max_reasoning_effort field.
+func ByMaxReasoningEffort(opts ...sql.OrderTermOption) OrderOption {
+	return sql.OrderByField(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, opts...).ToFunc()
+}
+
 // ByAPIKeysCount orders the results by api_keys count.
 func ByAPIKeysCount(opts ...sql.OrderTermOption) OrderOption {
 	return func(s *sql.Selector) {
diff --git a/backend/ent/group/where.go b/backend/ent/group/where.go
index 441326dba5..9320209433 100644
--- a/backend/ent/group/where.go
+++ b/backend/ent/group/where.go
@@ -280,6 +280,11 @@ func RpmLimit(v int) predicate.Group {
 	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldEQ(FieldRpmLimit, v))
 }
 
+// MaxReasoningEffort applies equality check predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field. It's identical to MaxReasoningEffortEQ.
+func MaxReasoningEffort(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldEQ(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
 // CreatedAtEQ applies the EQ predicate on the "created_at" field.
 func CreatedAtEQ(v time.Time) predicate.Group {
 	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldEQ(FieldCreatedAt, v))
@@ -2105,6 +2110,71 @@ func RpmLimitLTE(v int) predicate.Group {
 	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldLTE(FieldRpmLimit, v))
 }
 
+// MaxReasoningEffortEQ applies the EQ predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortEQ(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldEQ(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortNEQ applies the NEQ predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortNEQ(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldNEQ(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortIn applies the In predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortIn(vs ...string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldIn(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, vs...))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortNotIn applies the NotIn predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortNotIn(vs ...string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldNotIn(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, vs...))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortGT applies the GT predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortGT(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldGT(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortGTE applies the GTE predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortGTE(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldGTE(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortLT applies the LT predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortLT(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldLT(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortLTE applies the LTE predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortLTE(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldLTE(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortContains applies the Contains predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortContains(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldContains(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortHasPrefix applies the HasPrefix predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortHasPrefix(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldHasPrefix(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortHasSuffix applies the HasSuffix predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortHasSuffix(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldHasSuffix(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortEqualFold applies the EqualFold predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortEqualFold(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldEqualFold(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffortContainsFold applies the ContainsFold predicate on the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func MaxReasoningEffortContainsFold(v string) predicate.Group {
+	return predicate.Group(sql.FieldContainsFold(FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v))
+}
+
 // HasAPIKeys applies the HasEdge predicate on the "api_keys" edge.
 func HasAPIKeys() predicate.Group {
 	return predicate.Group(func(s *sql.Selector) {
diff --git a/backend/ent/group_create.go b/backend/ent/group_create.go
index 207b54fee0..bfd104bcee 100644
--- a/backend/ent/group_create.go
+++ b/backend/ent/group_create.go
@@ -691,6 +691,26 @@ func (_c *GroupCreate) SetNillableRpmLimit(v *int) *GroupCreate {
 	return _c
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (_c *GroupCreate) SetMaxReasoningEffort(v string) *GroupCreate {
+	_c.mutation.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+	return _c
+}
+
+// SetNillableMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field if the given value is not nil.
+func (_c *GroupCreate) SetNillableMaxReasoningEffort(v *string) *GroupCreate {
+	if v != nil {
+		_c.SetMaxReasoningEffort(*v)
+	}
+	return _c
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (_c *GroupCreate) SetReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupCreate {
+	_c.mutation.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	return _c
+}
+
 // AddAPIKeyIDs adds the "api_keys" edge to the APIKey entity by IDs.
 func (_c *GroupCreate) AddAPIKeyIDs(ids ...int64) *GroupCreate {
 	_c.mutation.AddAPIKeyIDs(ids...)
@@ -952,6 +972,14 @@ func (_c *GroupCreate) defaults() error {
 		v := group.DefaultRpmLimit
 		_c.mutation.SetRpmLimit(v)
 	}
+	if _, ok := _c.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); !ok {
+		v := group.DefaultMaxReasoningEffort
+		_c.mutation.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+	}
+	if _, ok := _c.mutation.ReasoningEffortMappings(); !ok {
+		v := group.DefaultReasoningEffortMappings
+		_c.mutation.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -1096,6 +1124,17 @@ func (_c *GroupCreate) check() error {
 	if _, ok := _c.mutation.RpmLimit(); !ok {
 		return &ValidationError{Name: "rpm_limit", err: errors.New(`ent: missing required field "Group.rpm_limit"`)}
 	}
+	if _, ok := _c.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); !ok {
+		return &ValidationError{Name: "max_reasoning_effort", err: errors.New(`ent: missing required field "Group.max_reasoning_effort"`)}
+	}
+	if v, ok := _c.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); ok {
+		if err := group.MaxReasoningEffortValidator(v); err != nil {
+			return &ValidationError{Name: "max_reasoning_effort", err: fmt.Errorf(`ent: validator failed for field "Group.max_reasoning_effort": %w`, err)}
+		}
+	}
+	if _, ok := _c.mutation.ReasoningEffortMappings(); !ok {
+		return &ValidationError{Name: "reasoning_effort_mappings", err: errors.New(`ent: missing required field "Group.reasoning_effort_mappings"`)}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -1319,6 +1358,14 @@ func (_c *GroupCreate) createSpec() (*Group, *sqlgraph.CreateSpec) {
 		_spec.SetField(group.FieldRpmLimit, field.TypeInt, value)
 		_node.RpmLimit = value
 	}
+	if value, ok := _c.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); ok {
+		_spec.SetField(group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort, field.TypeString, value)
+		_node.MaxReasoningEffort = value
+	}
+	if value, ok := _c.mutation.ReasoningEffortMappings(); ok {
+		_spec.SetField(group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings, field.TypeJSON, value)
+		_node.ReasoningEffortMappings = value
+	}
 	if nodes := _c.mutation.APIKeysIDs(); len(nodes) > 0 {
 		edge := &sqlgraph.EdgeSpec{
 			Rel:     sqlgraph.O2M,
@@ -2255,6 +2302,30 @@ func (u *GroupUpsert) AddRpmLimit(v int) *GroupUpsert {
 	return u
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (u *GroupUpsert) SetMaxReasoningEffort(v string) *GroupUpsert {
+	u.Set(group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort, v)
+	return u
+}
+
+// UpdateMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field to the value that was provided on create.
+func (u *GroupUpsert) UpdateMaxReasoningEffort() *GroupUpsert {
+	u.SetExcluded(group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort)
+	return u
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (u *GroupUpsert) SetReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpsert {
+	u.Set(group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings, v)
+	return u
+}
+
+// UpdateReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field to the value that was provided on create.
+func (u *GroupUpsert) UpdateReasoningEffortMappings() *GroupUpsert {
+	u.SetExcluded(group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings)
+	return u
+}
+
 // UpdateNewValues updates the mutable fields using the new values that were set on create.
 // Using this option is equivalent to using:
 //
@@ -3213,6 +3284,34 @@ func (u *GroupUpsertOne) UpdateRpmLimit() *GroupUpsertOne {
 	})
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (u *GroupUpsertOne) SetMaxReasoningEffort(v string) *GroupUpsertOne {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+	})
+}
+
+// UpdateMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field to the value that was provided on create.
+func (u *GroupUpsertOne) UpdateMaxReasoningEffort() *GroupUpsertOne {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.UpdateMaxReasoningEffort()
+	})
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (u *GroupUpsertOne) SetReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpsertOne {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	})
+}
+
+// UpdateReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field to the value that was provided on create.
+func (u *GroupUpsertOne) UpdateReasoningEffortMappings() *GroupUpsertOne {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.UpdateReasoningEffortMappings()
+	})
+}
+
 // Exec executes the query.
 func (u *GroupUpsertOne) Exec(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if len(u.create.conflict) == 0 {
@@ -4337,6 +4436,34 @@ func (u *GroupUpsertBulk) UpdateRpmLimit() *GroupUpsertBulk {
 	})
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (u *GroupUpsertBulk) SetMaxReasoningEffort(v string) *GroupUpsertBulk {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+	})
+}
+
+// UpdateMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field to the value that was provided on create.
+func (u *GroupUpsertBulk) UpdateMaxReasoningEffort() *GroupUpsertBulk {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.UpdateMaxReasoningEffort()
+	})
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (u *GroupUpsertBulk) SetReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpsertBulk {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	})
+}
+
+// UpdateReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field to the value that was provided on create.
+func (u *GroupUpsertBulk) UpdateReasoningEffortMappings() *GroupUpsertBulk {
+	return u.Update(func(s *GroupUpsert) {
+		s.UpdateReasoningEffortMappings()
+	})
+}
+
 // Exec executes the query.
 func (u *GroupUpsertBulk) Exec(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if u.create.err != nil {
diff --git a/backend/ent/group_update.go b/backend/ent/group_update.go
index 234e4fe96c..52383d7668 100644
--- a/backend/ent/group_update.go
+++ b/backend/ent/group_update.go
@@ -913,6 +913,32 @@ func (_u *GroupUpdate) AddRpmLimit(v int) *GroupUpdate {
 	return _u
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (_u *GroupUpdate) SetMaxReasoningEffort(v string) *GroupUpdate {
+	_u.mutation.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+	return _u
+}
+
+// SetNillableMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field if the given value is not nil.
+func (_u *GroupUpdate) SetNillableMaxReasoningEffort(v *string) *GroupUpdate {
+	if v != nil {
+		_u.SetMaxReasoningEffort(*v)
+	}
+	return _u
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (_u *GroupUpdate) SetReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpdate {
+	_u.mutation.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	return _u
+}
+
+// AppendReasoningEffortMappings appends value to the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (_u *GroupUpdate) AppendReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpdate {
+	_u.mutation.AppendReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	return _u
+}
+
 // AddAPIKeyIDs adds the "api_keys" edge to the APIKey entity by IDs.
 func (_u *GroupUpdate) AddAPIKeyIDs(ids ...int64) *GroupUpdate {
 	_u.mutation.AddAPIKeyIDs(ids...)
@@ -1213,6 +1239,11 @@ func (_u *GroupUpdate) check() error {
 			return &ValidationError{Name: "default_mapped_model", err: fmt.Errorf(`ent: validator failed for field "Group.default_mapped_model": %w`, err)}
 		}
 	}
+	if v, ok := _u.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); ok {
+		if err := group.MaxReasoningEffortValidator(v); err != nil {
+			return &ValidationError{Name: "max_reasoning_effort", err: fmt.Errorf(`ent: validator failed for field "Group.max_reasoning_effort": %w`, err)}
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -1485,6 +1516,17 @@ func (_u *GroupUpdate) sqlSave(ctx context.Context) (_node int, err error) {
 	if value, ok := _u.mutation.AddedRpmLimit(); ok {
 		_spec.AddField(group.FieldRpmLimit, field.TypeInt, value)
 	}
+	if value, ok := _u.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); ok {
+		_spec.SetField(group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort, field.TypeString, value)
+	}
+	if value, ok := _u.mutation.ReasoningEffortMappings(); ok {
+		_spec.SetField(group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings, field.TypeJSON, value)
+	}
+	if value, ok := _u.mutation.AppendedReasoningEffortMappings(); ok {
+		_spec.AddModifier(func(u *sql.UpdateBuilder) {
+			sqljson.Append(u, group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings, value)
+		})
+	}
 	if _u.mutation.APIKeysCleared() {
 		edge := &sqlgraph.EdgeSpec{
 			Rel:     sqlgraph.O2M,
@@ -2676,6 +2718,32 @@ func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) AddRpmLimit(v int) *GroupUpdateOne {
 	return _u
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) SetMaxReasoningEffort(v string) *GroupUpdateOne {
+	_u.mutation.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+	return _u
+}
+
+// SetNillableMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field if the given value is not nil.
+func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) SetNillableMaxReasoningEffort(v *string) *GroupUpdateOne {
+	if v != nil {
+		_u.SetMaxReasoningEffort(*v)
+	}
+	return _u
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) SetReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpdateOne {
+	_u.mutation.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	return _u
+}
+
+// AppendReasoningEffortMappings appends value to the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) AppendReasoningEffortMappings(v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) *GroupUpdateOne {
+	_u.mutation.AppendReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+	return _u
+}
+
 // AddAPIKeyIDs adds the "api_keys" edge to the APIKey entity by IDs.
 func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) AddAPIKeyIDs(ids ...int64) *GroupUpdateOne {
 	_u.mutation.AddAPIKeyIDs(ids...)
@@ -2989,6 +3057,11 @@ func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) check() error {
 			return &ValidationError{Name: "default_mapped_model", err: fmt.Errorf(`ent: validator failed for field "Group.default_mapped_model": %w`, err)}
 		}
 	}
+	if v, ok := _u.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); ok {
+		if err := group.MaxReasoningEffortValidator(v); err != nil {
+			return &ValidationError{Name: "max_reasoning_effort", err: fmt.Errorf(`ent: validator failed for field "Group.max_reasoning_effort": %w`, err)}
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -3278,6 +3351,17 @@ func (_u *GroupUpdateOne) sqlSave(ctx context.Context) (_node *Group, err error)
 	if value, ok := _u.mutation.AddedRpmLimit(); ok {
 		_spec.AddField(group.FieldRpmLimit, field.TypeInt, value)
 	}
+	if value, ok := _u.mutation.MaxReasoningEffort(); ok {
+		_spec.SetField(group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort, field.TypeString, value)
+	}
+	if value, ok := _u.mutation.ReasoningEffortMappings(); ok {
+		_spec.SetField(group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings, field.TypeJSON, value)
+	}
+	if value, ok := _u.mutation.AppendedReasoningEffortMappings(); ok {
+		_spec.AddModifier(func(u *sql.UpdateBuilder) {
+			sqljson.Append(u, group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings, value)
+		})
+	}
 	if _u.mutation.APIKeysCleared() {
 		edge := &sqlgraph.EdgeSpec{
 			Rel:     sqlgraph.O2M,
diff --git a/backend/ent/migrate/schema.go b/backend/ent/migrate/schema.go
index c09f1f26ab..9d979e4c21 100644
--- a/backend/ent/migrate/schema.go
+++ b/backend/ent/migrate/schema.go
@@ -882,6 +882,8 @@ var (
 		{Name: "messages_dispatch_model_config", Type: field.TypeJSON, SchemaType: map[string]string{"postgres": "jsonb"}},
 		{Name: "models_list_config", Type: field.TypeJSON, SchemaType: map[string]string{"postgres": "jsonb"}},
 		{Name: "rpm_limit", Type: field.TypeInt, Default: 0},
+		{Name: "max_reasoning_effort", Type: field.TypeString, Size: 20, Default: ""},
+		{Name: "reasoning_effort_mappings", Type: field.TypeJSON, SchemaType: map[string]string{"postgres": "jsonb"}},
 	}
 	// GroupsTable holds the schema information for the "groups" table.
 	GroupsTable = &schema.Table{
diff --git a/backend/ent/mutation.go b/backend/ent/mutation.go
index 9e746e19da..1e69df30fc 100644
--- a/backend/ent/mutation.go
+++ b/backend/ent/mutation.go
@@ -20865,6 +20865,9 @@ type GroupMutation struct {
 	models_list_config                      *domain.GroupModelsListConfig
 	rpm_limit                               *int
 	addrpm_limit                            *int
+	max_reasoning_effort                    *string
+	reasoning_effort_mappings               *[]domain.ReasoningEffortMapping
+	appendreasoning_effort_mappings         []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping
 	clearedFields                           map[string]struct{}
 	api_keys                                map[int64]struct{}
 	removedapi_keys                         map[int64]struct{}
@@ -23406,6 +23409,93 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) ResetRpmLimit() {
 	m.addrpm_limit = nil
 }
 
+// SetMaxReasoningEffort sets the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (m *GroupMutation) SetMaxReasoningEffort(s string) {
+	m.max_reasoning_effort = &s
+}
+
+// MaxReasoningEffort returns the value of the "max_reasoning_effort" field in the mutation.
+func (m *GroupMutation) MaxReasoningEffort() (r string, exists bool) {
+	v := m.max_reasoning_effort
+	if v == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	return *v, true
+}
+
+// OldMaxReasoningEffort returns the old "max_reasoning_effort" field's value of the Group entity.
+// If the Group object wasn't provided to the builder, the object is fetched from the database.
+// An error is returned if the mutation operation is not UpdateOne, or the database query fails.
+func (m *GroupMutation) OldMaxReasoningEffort(ctx context.Context) (v string, err error) {
+	if !m.op.Is(OpUpdateOne) {
+		return v, errors.New("OldMaxReasoningEffort is only allowed on UpdateOne operations")
+	}
+	if m.id == nil || m.oldValue == nil {
+		return v, errors.New("OldMaxReasoningEffort requires an ID field in the mutation")
+	}
+	oldValue, err := m.oldValue(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return v, fmt.Errorf("querying old value for OldMaxReasoningEffort: %w", err)
+	}
+	return oldValue.MaxReasoningEffort, nil
+}
+
+// ResetMaxReasoningEffort resets all changes to the "max_reasoning_effort" field.
+func (m *GroupMutation) ResetMaxReasoningEffort() {
+	m.max_reasoning_effort = nil
+}
+
+// SetReasoningEffortMappings sets the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (m *GroupMutation) SetReasoningEffortMappings(dem []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) {
+	m.reasoning_effort_mappings = &dem
+	m.appendreasoning_effort_mappings = nil
+}
+
+// ReasoningEffortMappings returns the value of the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field in the mutation.
+func (m *GroupMutation) ReasoningEffortMappings() (r []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping, exists bool) {
+	v := m.reasoning_effort_mappings
+	if v == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	return *v, true
+}
+
+// OldReasoningEffortMappings returns the old "reasoning_effort_mappings" field's value of the Group entity.
+// If the Group object wasn't provided to the builder, the object is fetched from the database.
+// An error is returned if the mutation operation is not UpdateOne, or the database query fails.
+func (m *GroupMutation) OldReasoningEffortMappings(ctx context.Context) (v []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping, err error) {
+	if !m.op.Is(OpUpdateOne) {
+		return v, errors.New("OldReasoningEffortMappings is only allowed on UpdateOne operations")
+	}
+	if m.id == nil || m.oldValue == nil {
+		return v, errors.New("OldReasoningEffortMappings requires an ID field in the mutation")
+	}
+	oldValue, err := m.oldValue(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return v, fmt.Errorf("querying old value for OldReasoningEffortMappings: %w", err)
+	}
+	return oldValue.ReasoningEffortMappings, nil
+}
+
+// AppendReasoningEffortMappings adds dem to the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (m *GroupMutation) AppendReasoningEffortMappings(dem []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping) {
+	m.appendreasoning_effort_mappings = append(m.appendreasoning_effort_mappings, dem...)
+}
+
+// AppendedReasoningEffortMappings returns the list of values that were appended to the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field in this mutation.
+func (m *GroupMutation) AppendedReasoningEffortMappings() ([]domain.ReasoningEffortMapping, bool) {
+	if len(m.appendreasoning_effort_mappings) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return m.appendreasoning_effort_mappings, true
+}
+
+// ResetReasoningEffortMappings resets all changes to the "reasoning_effort_mappings" field.
+func (m *GroupMutation) ResetReasoningEffortMappings() {
+	m.reasoning_effort_mappings = nil
+	m.appendreasoning_effort_mappings = nil
+}
+
 // AddAPIKeyIDs adds the "api_keys" edge to the APIKey entity by ids.
 func (m *GroupMutation) AddAPIKeyIDs(ids ...int64) {
 	if m.api_keys == nil {
@@ -23764,7 +23854,7 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) Type() string {
 // order to get all numeric fields that were incremented/decremented, call
 // AddedFields().
 func (m *GroupMutation) Fields() []string {
-	fields := make([]string, 0, 49)
+	fields := make([]string, 0, 51)
 	if m.created_at != nil {
 		fields = append(fields, group.FieldCreatedAt)
 	}
@@ -23912,6 +24002,12 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) Fields() []string {
 	if m.rpm_limit != nil {
 		fields = append(fields, group.FieldRpmLimit)
 	}
+	if m.max_reasoning_effort != nil {
+		fields = append(fields, group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort)
+	}
+	if m.reasoning_effort_mappings != nil {
+		fields = append(fields, group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings)
+	}
 	return fields
 }
 
@@ -24018,6 +24114,10 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) Field(name string) (ent.Value, bool) {
 		return m.ModelsListConfig()
 	case group.FieldRpmLimit:
 		return m.RpmLimit()
+	case group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort:
+		return m.MaxReasoningEffort()
+	case group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings:
+		return m.ReasoningEffortMappings()
 	}
 	return nil, false
 }
@@ -24125,6 +24225,10 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) OldField(ctx context.Context, name string) (ent.Value, e
 		return m.OldModelsListConfig(ctx)
 	case group.FieldRpmLimit:
 		return m.OldRpmLimit(ctx)
+	case group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort:
+		return m.OldMaxReasoningEffort(ctx)
+	case group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings:
+		return m.OldReasoningEffortMappings(ctx)
 	}
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown Group field %s", name)
 }
@@ -24477,6 +24581,20 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) SetField(name string, value ent.Value) error {
 		}
 		m.SetRpmLimit(v)
 		return nil
+	case group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort:
+		v, ok := value.(string)
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected type %T for field %s", value, name)
+		}
+		m.SetMaxReasoningEffort(v)
+		return nil
+	case group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings:
+		v, ok := value.([]domain.ReasoningEffortMapping)
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected type %T for field %s", value, name)
+		}
+		m.SetReasoningEffortMappings(v)
+		return nil
 	}
 	return fmt.Errorf("unknown Group field %s", name)
 }
@@ -25027,6 +25145,12 @@ func (m *GroupMutation) ResetField(name string) error {
 	case group.FieldRpmLimit:
 		m.ResetRpmLimit()
 		return nil
+	case group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort:
+		m.ResetMaxReasoningEffort()
+		return nil
+	case group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings:
+		m.ResetReasoningEffortMappings()
+		return nil
 	}
 	return fmt.Errorf("unknown Group field %s", name)
 }
diff --git a/backend/ent/runtime/runtime.go b/backend/ent/runtime/runtime.go
index 42dbff5dae..b1dcc8c585 100644
--- a/backend/ent/runtime/runtime.go
+++ b/backend/ent/runtime/runtime.go
@@ -1097,6 +1097,16 @@ func init() {
 	groupDescRpmLimit := groupFields[45].Descriptor()
 	// group.DefaultRpmLimit holds the default value on creation for the rpm_limit field.
 	group.DefaultRpmLimit = groupDescRpmLimit.Default.(int)
+	// groupDescMaxReasoningEffort is the schema descriptor for max_reasoning_effort field.
+	groupDescMaxReasoningEffort := groupFields[46].Descriptor()
+	// group.DefaultMaxReasoningEffort holds the default value on creation for the max_reasoning_effort field.
+	group.DefaultMaxReasoningEffort = groupDescMaxReasoningEffort.Default.(string)
+	// group.MaxReasoningEffortValidator is a validator for the "max_reasoning_effort" field. It is called by the builders before save.
+	group.MaxReasoningEffortValidator = groupDescMaxReasoningEffort.Validators[0].(func(string) error)
+	// groupDescReasoningEffortMappings is the schema descriptor for reasoning_effort_mappings field.
+	groupDescReasoningEffortMappings := groupFields[47].Descriptor()
+	// group.DefaultReasoningEffortMappings holds the default value on creation for the reasoning_effort_mappings field.
+	group.DefaultReasoningEffortMappings = groupDescReasoningEffortMappings.Default.([]domain.ReasoningEffortMapping)
 	idempotencyrecordMixin := schema.IdempotencyRecord{}.Mixin()
 	idempotencyrecordMixinFields0 := idempotencyrecordMixin[0].Fields()
 	_ = idempotencyrecordMixinFields0
diff --git a/backend/ent/schema/group.go b/backend/ent/schema/group.go
index 3252112523..bce09c1f8a 100644
--- a/backend/ent/schema/group.go
+++ b/backend/ent/schema/group.go
@@ -221,6 +221,16 @@ func (Group) Fields() []ent.Field {
 		field.Int("rpm_limit").
 			Default(0).
 			Comment("分组 RPM 上限，0 表示不限制；设置后接管该分组用户的限流"),
+
+		// OpenAI/Codex 请求的推理强度上限（空字符串表示不限制）。
+		field.String("max_reasoning_effort").
+			MaxLen(20).
+			Default("").
+			Comment("OpenAI reasoning effort 上限；可选 minimal/low/medium/high/xhigh/max"),
+		field.JSON("reasoning_effort_mappings", []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping{}).
+			Default([]domain.ReasoningEffortMapping{}).
+			SchemaType(map[string]string{dialect.Postgres: "jsonb"}).
+			Comment("OpenAI reasoning effort 自定义精确映射；先映射再应用上限"),
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/backend/internal/domain/reasoning_effort.go b/backend/internal/domain/reasoning_effort.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..095df21d5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/domain/reasoning_effort.go
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package domain
+
+// ReasoningEffortMapping rewrites one explicit OpenAI/Codex reasoning effort
+// value to another before the group ceiling is applied.
+type ReasoningEffortMapping struct {
+	From string `json:"from"`
+	To   string `json:"to"`
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler.go b/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler.go
index 0f44d55311..7545c14f5a 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler.go
@@ -132,6 +132,10 @@ type CreateGroupRequest struct {
 	ModelsListConfig            service.GroupModelsListConfig             `json:"models_list_config"`
 	// 分组 RPM 上限（0 = 不限制）
 	RPMLimit int `json:"rpm_limit"`
+	// OpenAI/Codex 请求推理强度上限，空字符串表示不限制。
+	MaxReasoningEffort string `json:"max_reasoning_effort"`
+	// OpenAI/Codex 推理强度精确映射。
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []service.ReasoningEffortMapping `json:"reasoning_effort_mappings"`
 	// 从指定分组复制账号（创建后自动绑定）
 	CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs []int64 `json:"copy_accounts_from_group_ids"`
 }
@@ -186,6 +190,10 @@ type UpdateGroupRequest struct {
 	ModelsListConfig            *service.GroupModelsListConfig             `json:"models_list_config"`
 	// 分组 RPM 上限（0 = 不限制）；nil 表示未提供不改动
 	RPMLimit *int `json:"rpm_limit"`
+	// OpenAI/Codex 请求推理强度上限；空字符串清除，nil 不修改。
+	MaxReasoningEffort *string `json:"max_reasoning_effort"`
+	// nil 不修改，空数组清空，非空数组替换。
+	ReasoningEffortMappings *[]service.ReasoningEffortMapping `json:"reasoning_effort_mappings"`
 	// 从指定分组复制账号（同步操作：先清空当前分组的账号绑定，再绑定源分组的账号）
 	CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs []int64 `json:"copy_accounts_from_group_ids"`
 }
@@ -354,6 +362,8 @@ func (h *GroupHandler) Create(c *gin.Context) {
 		MessagesDispatchModelConfig:     req.MessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 		ModelsListConfig:                req.ModelsListConfig,
 		RPMLimit:                        req.RPMLimit,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:              req.MaxReasoningEffort,
+		ReasoningEffortMappings:         req.ReasoningEffortMappings,
 		CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs:        req.CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -470,6 +480,8 @@ func (h *GroupHandler) Update(c *gin.Context) {
 		MessagesDispatchModelConfig:     req.MessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 		ModelsListConfig:                req.ModelsListConfig,
 		RPMLimit:                        req.RPMLimit,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:              req.MaxReasoningEffort,
+		ReasoningEffortMappings:         req.ReasoningEffortMappings,
 		CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs:        req.CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler_reasoning_effort_test.go b/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler_reasoning_effort_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e9164ffe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/admin/group_handler_reasoning_effort_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package admin
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestUpdateGroupRequestReasoningEffortMappingsTriState(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("omitted means unchanged", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var req UpdateGroupRequest
+		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(`{}`), &req))
+		require.Nil(t, req.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty array means clear", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var req UpdateGroupRequest
+		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(`{"reasoning_effort_mappings":[]}`), &req))
+		require.NotNil(t, req.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+		require.Empty(t, *req.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("non empty array means replace", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var req UpdateGroupRequest
+		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(`{"reasoning_effort_mappings":[{"from":"max","to":"xhigh"}]}`), &req))
+		require.NotNil(t, req.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+		require.Len(t, *req.ReasoningEffortMappings, 1)
+		require.Equal(t, "max", (*req.ReasoningEffortMappings)[0].From)
+		require.Equal(t, "xhigh", (*req.ReasoningEffortMappings)[0].To)
+	})
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/dto/mappers.go b/backend/internal/handler/dto/mappers.go
index 7aa12d7a40..6f82e29c06 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/dto/mappers.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/dto/mappers.go
@@ -207,6 +207,8 @@ func groupFromServiceBase(g *service.Group) Group {
 		RequireOAuthOnly:                g.RequireOAuthOnly,
 		RequirePrivacySet:               g.RequirePrivacySet,
 		RPMLimit:                        g.RPMLimit,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:              g.MaxReasoningEffort,
+		ReasoningEffortMappings:         g.ReasoningEffortMappings,
 		CreatedAt:                       g.CreatedAt,
 		UpdatedAt:                       g.UpdatedAt,
 	}
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/dto/types.go b/backend/internal/handler/dto/types.go
index 89d3bc5634..117091f410 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/dto/types.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/dto/types.go
@@ -138,6 +138,10 @@ type Group struct {
 
 	// RPMLimit 分组级每分钟请求数上限（0 = 不限制），设置后覆盖用户级 rpm_limit。
 	RPMLimit int `json:"rpm_limit"`
+	// MaxReasoningEffort OpenAI/Codex 请求的推理强度上限，空字符串表示不限制。
+	MaxReasoningEffort string `json:"max_reasoning_effort"`
+	// ReasoningEffortMappings OpenAI/Codex 推理强度精确映射。
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []domain.ReasoningEffortMapping `json:"reasoning_effort_mappings"`
 
 	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
 	UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updated_at"`
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/openai_chat_completions.go b/backend/internal/handler/openai_chat_completions.go
index e16962ba5d..101eb57867 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/openai_chat_completions.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/openai_chat_completions.go
@@ -75,6 +75,11 @@ func (h *OpenAIGatewayHandler) ChatCompletions(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	reqModel := modelResult.String()
+	if apiKey.Group != nil && apiKey.Group.Platform == service.PlatformOpenAI {
+		if cappedBody, changed := service.ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(body, apiKey.Group.MaxReasoningEffort, apiKey.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings); changed {
+			body = cappedBody
+		}
+	}
 	reqStream, ok := parseOpenAICompatibleStream(body)
 	if !ok {
 		h.errorResponse(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid_request_error", invalidStreamFieldTypeMessage)
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/openai_gateway_handler.go b/backend/internal/handler/openai_gateway_handler.go
index 7b697d6d69..d8d2790fd3 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/openai_gateway_handler.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/openai_gateway_handler.go
@@ -253,6 +253,11 @@ func (h *OpenAIGatewayHandler) Responses(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	reqModel := modelResult.String()
+	if apiKey.Group != nil && apiKey.Group.Platform == service.PlatformOpenAI {
+		if cappedBody, changed := service.ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(body, apiKey.Group.MaxReasoningEffort, apiKey.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings); changed {
+			body = cappedBody
+		}
+	}
 
 	reqStream, ok := parseOpenAICompatibleStream(body)
 	if !ok {
@@ -1466,7 +1471,6 @@ func (h *OpenAIGatewayHandler) ResponsesWebSocket(c *gin.Context) {
 		closeOpenAIClientWS(wsConn, coderws.StatusPolicyViolation, "invalid JSON payload")
 		return
 	}
-
 	reqModel := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(firstMessage, "model").String())
 	if reqModel == "" {
 		closeOpenAIClientWS(wsConn, coderws.StatusPolicyViolation, "model is required in first response.create payload")
@@ -1727,9 +1731,17 @@ func (h *OpenAIGatewayHandler) ResponsesWebSocket(c *gin.Context) {
 			zap.Int("candidate_count", scheduleDecision.CandidateCount),
 		)
 
+		maxReasoningEffort := ""
+		var reasoningEffortMappings []service.ReasoningEffortMapping
+		if apiKey.Group != nil && apiKey.Group.Platform == service.PlatformOpenAI {
+			maxReasoningEffort = apiKey.Group.MaxReasoningEffort
+			reasoningEffortMappings = apiKey.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings
+		}
 		var requestPayloadHash string
 		hooks := &service.OpenAIWSIngressHooks{
-			InitialRequestModel: reqModel,
+			InitialRequestModel:     reqModel,
+			MaxReasoningEffort:      maxReasoningEffort,
+			ReasoningEffortMappings: reasoningEffortMappings,
 			BeforeRequest: func(turn int, payload []byte, originalModel string) error {
 				if turn == 1 {
 					return nil
diff --git a/backend/internal/repository/api_key_repo.go b/backend/internal/repository/api_key_repo.go
index c926a59f33..8addad4342 100644
--- a/backend/internal/repository/api_key_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/api_key_repo.go
@@ -203,6 +203,8 @@ func (r *apiKeyRepository) GetByKeyForAuth(ctx context.Context, key string) (*se
 				group.FieldMessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 				group.FieldModelsListConfig,
 				group.FieldRpmLimit,
+				group.FieldMaxReasoningEffort,
+				group.FieldReasoningEffortMappings,
 				group.FieldPeakRateEnabled,
 				group.FieldPeakStart,
 				group.FieldPeakEnd,
@@ -952,6 +954,8 @@ func groupEntityToService(g *dbent.Group) *service.Group {
 		MessagesDispatchModelConfig:     g.MessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 		ModelsListConfig:                g.ModelsListConfig,
 		RPMLimit:                        g.RpmLimit,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:              g.MaxReasoningEffort,
+		ReasoningEffortMappings:         g.ReasoningEffortMappings,
 		PeakRateEnabled:                 g.PeakRateEnabled,
 		PeakStart:                       g.PeakStart,
 		PeakEnd:                         g.PeakEnd,
diff --git a/backend/internal/repository/group_repo.go b/backend/internal/repository/group_repo.go
index c749ec47b5..2b770ffd7f 100644
--- a/backend/internal/repository/group_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/group_repo.go
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ func createGroupRecord(ctx context.Context, client *dbent.Client, groupIn *servi
 		SetMessagesDispatchModelConfig(groupIn.MessagesDispatchModelConfig).
 		SetModelsListConfig(groupIn.ModelsListConfig).
 		SetRpmLimit(groupIn.RPMLimit).
+		SetMaxReasoningEffort(groupIn.MaxReasoningEffort).
+		SetReasoningEffortMappings(groupIn.ReasoningEffortMappings).
 		SetPeakRateEnabled(groupIn.PeakRateEnabled).
 		SetPeakStart(groupIn.PeakStart).
 		SetPeakEnd(groupIn.PeakEnd).
@@ -259,6 +261,8 @@ func (r *groupRepository) Update(ctx context.Context, groupIn *service.Group) er
 		SetMessagesDispatchModelConfig(groupIn.MessagesDispatchModelConfig).
 		SetModelsListConfig(groupIn.ModelsListConfig).
 		SetRpmLimit(groupIn.RPMLimit).
+		SetMaxReasoningEffort(groupIn.MaxReasoningEffort).
+		SetReasoningEffortMappings(groupIn.ReasoningEffortMappings).
 		SetPeakRateEnabled(groupIn.PeakRateEnabled).
 		SetPeakStart(groupIn.PeakStart).
 		SetPeakEnd(groupIn.PeakEnd).
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/admin_group.go b/backend/internal/service/admin_group.go
index d622d547b0..f4e7f39a42 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/admin_group.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/admin_group.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -138,6 +139,14 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, input *CreateGroupIn
 	if platform == "" {
 		platform = PlatformAnthropic
 	}
+	maxReasoningEffort, err := normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, input.MaxReasoningEffort)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, infraerrors.Newf(http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_MAX_REASONING_EFFORT", "%v", err)
+	}
+	reasoningEffortMappings, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(platform, input.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, infraerrors.Newf(http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_REASONING_EFFORT_MAPPING", "%v", err)
+	}
 
 	subscriptionType := input.SubscriptionType
 	if subscriptionType == "" {
@@ -302,8 +311,11 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, input *CreateGroupIn
 		MessagesDispatchModelConfig:     normalizeOpenAIMessagesDispatchModelConfig(input.MessagesDispatchModelConfig),
 		ModelsListConfig:                normalizeGroupModelsListConfig(input.ModelsListConfig),
 		RPMLimit:                        input.RPMLimit,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:              maxReasoningEffort,
+		ReasoningEffortMappings:         reasoningEffortMappings,
 	}
 	sanitizeGroupMessagesDispatchFields(group)
+	sanitizeGroupReasoningEffortPolicy(group)
 	if err := s.groupRepo.Create(ctx, group); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -618,7 +630,22 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) UpdateGroup(ctx context.Context, id int64, input *Upd
 	if input.RPMLimit != nil {
 		group.RPMLimit = *input.RPMLimit
 	}
+	if input.MaxReasoningEffort != nil {
+		maxReasoningEffort, err := normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(group.Platform, *input.MaxReasoningEffort)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, infraerrors.Newf(http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_MAX_REASONING_EFFORT", "%v", err)
+		}
+		group.MaxReasoningEffort = maxReasoningEffort
+	}
+	if input.ReasoningEffortMappings != nil {
+		reasoningEffortMappings, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(group.Platform, *input.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, infraerrors.Newf(http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_REASONING_EFFORT_MAPPING", "%v", err)
+		}
+		group.ReasoningEffortMappings = reasoningEffortMappings
+	}
 	sanitizeGroupMessagesDispatchFields(group)
+	sanitizeGroupReasoningEffortPolicy(group)
 
 	if err := s.groupRepo.Update(ctx, group); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate.go b/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate.go
index ef025e3c86..6c57df1cf0 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate.go
@@ -128,7 +128,9 @@ func cloneGroupForDuplicate(source *Group, operationID string) *Group {
 			Enabled: source.ModelsListConfig.Enabled,
 			Models:  append([]string(nil), source.ModelsListConfig.Models...),
 		},
-		RPMLimit: source.RPMLimit,
+		RPMLimit:                source.RPMLimit,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:      source.MaxReasoningEffort,
+		ReasoningEffortMappings: append([]ReasoningEffortMapping(nil), source.ReasoningEffortMappings...),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -177,6 +179,7 @@ func (s *adminServiceImpl) DuplicateGroup(ctx context.Context, id int64, actorSc
 	}
 
 	duplicate := cloneGroupForDuplicate(source, duplicateGroupOperationID(id, actorScope, operationKey))
+	sanitizeGroupReasoningEffortPolicy(duplicate)
 	for copyNumber := 1; ; copyNumber++ {
 		duplicate.Name = duplicateGroupName(source.Name, copyNumber)
 		duplicate.ID = 0
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate_test.go b/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate_test.go
index 1d47cd699f..c6c48d1e1f 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/admin_group_duplicate_test.go
@@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ func TestDuplicateGroupCopiesConfigurationDeeplyAndResetsRuntimeState(t *testing
 		},
 		ModelsListConfig:        GroupModelsListConfig{Enabled: true, Models: []string{"gpt-5.4", "gpt-5-mini"}},
 		RPMLimit:                99,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:      "medium",
+		ReasoningEffortMappings: []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max", To: "xhigh"}},
 		CreatedAt:               createdAt,
 		UpdatedAt:               createdAt,
 		AccountCount:            12,
@@ -207,6 +209,8 @@ func TestDuplicateGroupCopiesConfigurationDeeplyAndResetsRuntimeState(t *testing
 	require.Equal(t, source.MessagesDispatchModelConfig, duplicate.MessagesDispatchModelConfig)
 	require.Equal(t, source.ModelsListConfig, duplicate.ModelsListConfig)
 	require.Equal(t, source.RPMLimit, duplicate.RPMLimit)
+	require.Equal(t, source.MaxReasoningEffort, duplicate.MaxReasoningEffort)
+	require.Equal(t, source.ReasoningEffortMappings, duplicate.ReasoningEffortMappings)
 	require.EqualValues(t, 2, duplicate.AccountCount)
 	require.EqualValues(t, 2, duplicate.ActiveAccountCount)
 	require.NotEmpty(t, duplicate.DuplicateOperationID)
@@ -220,11 +224,13 @@ func TestDuplicateGroupCopiesConfigurationDeeplyAndResetsRuntimeState(t *testing
 	duplicate.SupportedModelScopes[0] = "changed"
 	duplicate.MessagesDispatchModelConfig.ExactModelMappings["claude-special"] = "changed"
 	duplicate.ModelsListConfig.Models[0] = "changed"
+	duplicate.ReasoningEffortMappings[0].To = "changed"
 	*duplicate.DailyLimitUSD = 999
 	require.Equal(t, int64(13), source.ModelRouting["gpt-*"][0])
 	require.Equal(t, "claude", source.SupportedModelScopes[0])
 	require.Equal(t, "gpt-special", source.MessagesDispatchModelConfig.ExactModelMappings["claude-special"])
 	require.Equal(t, "gpt-5.4", source.ModelsListConfig.Models[0])
+	require.Equal(t, "xhigh", source.ReasoningEffortMappings[0].To)
 	require.Equal(t, 11.0, *source.DailyLimitUSD)
 }
 
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/admin_service.go b/backend/internal/service/admin_service.go
index 023c6acc1f..b6ad7b5279 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/admin_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/admin_service.go
@@ -254,6 +254,10 @@ type CreateGroupInput struct {
 	ModelsListConfig            GroupModelsListConfig
 	// RPMLimit 分组 RPM 上限（0 = 不限制）
 	RPMLimit int
+	// MaxReasoningEffort OpenAI/Codex 请求的推理强度上限，空字符串表示不限制。
+	MaxReasoningEffort string
+	// ReasoningEffortMappings OpenAI/Codex 推理强度精确映射。
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []ReasoningEffortMapping
 	// 从指定分组复制账号（创建分组后在同一事务内绑定）
 	CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs []int64
 }
@@ -310,6 +314,10 @@ type UpdateGroupInput struct {
 	ModelsListConfig            *GroupModelsListConfig
 	// RPMLimit 分组 RPM 上限（0 = 不限制），nil 表示未提供不改动。
 	RPMLimit *int
+	// MaxReasoningEffort 空字符串表示清除上限；nil 表示未提供不改动。
+	MaxReasoningEffort *string
+	// ReasoningEffortMappings nil 表示不修改，空数组表示清空，非空数组表示替换。
+	ReasoningEffortMappings *[]ReasoningEffortMapping
 	// 从指定分组复制账号（同步操作：先清空当前分组的账号绑定，再绑定源分组的账号）
 	CopyAccountsFromGroupIDs []int64
 }
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/admin_service_group_test.go b/backend/internal/service/admin_service_group_test.go
index 7731b33bb6..5a6dccc115 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/admin_service_group_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/admin_service_group_test.go
@@ -658,6 +658,99 @@ func TestAdminService_UpdateGroup_InvalidatesAuthCacheOnRPMLimitChange(t *testin
 	require.Equal(t, []int64{1}, invalidator.groupIDs, "分组 RPMLimit 写入 auth snapshot，变更后必须失效 API Key 认证缓存")
 }
 
+func TestAdminService_UpdateGroup_ReasoningEffortMappingsTriState(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		input *UpdateGroupInput
+		want  []ReasoningEffortMapping
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "nil preserves existing mappings",
+			input: &UpdateGroupInput{},
+			want:  []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max", To: "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty array clears mappings",
+			input: func() *UpdateGroupInput {
+				empty := []ReasoningEffortMapping{}
+				return &UpdateGroupInput{ReasoningEffortMappings: &empty}
+			}(),
+			want: []ReasoningEffortMapping{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "non empty array replaces and canonicalizes mappings",
+			input: func() *UpdateGroupInput {
+				replacement := []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: " X-HIGH ", To: " high "}}
+				return &UpdateGroupInput{ReasoningEffortMappings: &replacement}
+			}(),
+			want: []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "xhigh", To: "high"}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			existing := &Group{
+				ID:                      1,
+				Name:                    "openai-group",
+				Platform:                PlatformOpenAI,
+				Status:                  StatusActive,
+				ReasoningEffortMappings: []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max", To: "xhigh"}},
+			}
+			repo := &groupRepoStubForAdmin{getByID: existing}
+			svc := &adminServiceImpl{groupRepo: repo}
+
+			_, err := svc.UpdateGroup(context.Background(), existing.ID, tt.input)
+
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, tt.want, repo.updated.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAdminService_UpdateGroup_RejectsInvalidReasoningEffortMappings(t *testing.T) {
+	existing := &Group{
+		ID:               1,
+		Name:             "openai",
+		Platform:         PlatformOpenAI,
+		SubscriptionType: SubscriptionTypeStandard,
+		RateMultiplier:   1,
+		Status:           StatusActive,
+	}
+	repo := &groupRepoStubForInvalidRequestFallback{groups: map[int64]*Group{existing.ID: existing}}
+	svc := &adminServiceImpl{groupRepo: repo}
+	invalid := []ReasoningEffortMapping{
+		{From: "max", To: "xhigh"},
+		{From: " MAX ", To: "high"},
+	}
+
+	_, err := svc.UpdateGroup(context.Background(), existing.ID, &UpdateGroupInput{
+		ReasoningEffortMappings: &invalid,
+	})
+
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "duplicate reasoning effort mapping source")
+	require.Nil(t, repo.updated)
+}
+
+func TestAdminService_UpdateGroup_ClearsReasoningPolicyForUnsupportedPlatform(t *testing.T) {
+	existing := &Group{
+		ID:                      1,
+		Name:                    "openai-group",
+		Platform:                PlatformOpenAI,
+		Status:                  StatusActive,
+		MaxReasoningEffort:      "medium",
+		ReasoningEffortMappings: []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max", To: "xhigh"}},
+	}
+	repo := &groupRepoStubForAdmin{getByID: existing}
+	svc := &adminServiceImpl{groupRepo: repo}
+
+	_, err := svc.UpdateGroup(context.Background(), existing.ID, &UpdateGroupInput{Platform: PlatformAnthropic})
+
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Empty(t, repo.updated.MaxReasoningEffort)
+	require.Empty(t, repo.updated.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+}
+
 func TestAdminService_UpdateGroup_ClearsPeakRateWhenChangingToStandard(t *testing.T) {
 	existingGroup := &Group{
 		ID:                 1,
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache.go b/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache.go
index 0cd1c6d584..94799de52d 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache.go
@@ -101,6 +101,11 @@ type APIKeyAuthGroupSnapshot struct {
 	// RPMLimit 分组级每分钟请求数上限（0 = 不限制）；用于 billing_cache_service.checkRPM 级联判断。
 	RPMLimit int `json:"rpm_limit"`
 
+	// MaxReasoningEffort OpenAI/Codex 请求的推理强度上限，空字符串表示不限制。
+	MaxReasoningEffort string `json:"max_reasoning_effort,omitempty"`
+	// ReasoningEffortMappings rewrites explicit effort values before the ceiling.
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []ReasoningEffortMapping `json:"reasoning_effort_mappings"`
+
 	// 高峰时段倍率：PeakRateEnabled 为 true 且请求时刻处于 [PeakStart, PeakEnd) 时，
 	// token 计费倍率额外乘以 PeakRateMultiplier（详见 Group.PeakMultiplierAt）。
 	// 必须随快照缓存，否则扣费路径拿到的 apiKey.Group 缺字段、高峰倍率失效。
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_impl.go b/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_impl.go
index 4cf47c8de8..cab03fbc53 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_impl.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_impl.go
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/dgraph-io/ristretto"
 )
 
-const apiKeyAuthSnapshotVersion = 15 // v15: include group web search per-call pricing
+const apiKeyAuthSnapshotVersion = 18 // v18: include group reasoning effort ceiling and mappings
 
 type apiKeyAuthCacheConfig struct {
 	l1Size        int
@@ -413,6 +413,8 @@ func (s *APIKeyService) snapshotFromAPIKey(ctx context.Context, apiKey *APIKey)
 			MessagesDispatchModelConfig:     apiKey.Group.MessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 			ModelsListConfig:                apiKey.Group.ModelsListConfig,
 			RPMLimit:                        apiKey.Group.RPMLimit,
+			MaxReasoningEffort:              apiKey.Group.MaxReasoningEffort,
+			ReasoningEffortMappings:         apiKey.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings,
 			PeakRateEnabled:                 apiKey.Group.PeakRateEnabled,
 			PeakStart:                       apiKey.Group.PeakStart,
 			PeakEnd:                         apiKey.Group.PeakEnd,
@@ -497,6 +499,8 @@ func (s *APIKeyService) snapshotToAPIKey(key string, snapshot *APIKeyAuthSnapsho
 			MessagesDispatchModelConfig:     snapshot.Group.MessagesDispatchModelConfig,
 			ModelsListConfig:                snapshot.Group.ModelsListConfig,
 			RPMLimit:                        snapshot.Group.RPMLimit,
+			MaxReasoningEffort:              snapshot.Group.MaxReasoningEffort,
+			ReasoningEffortMappings:         snapshot.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings,
 			PeakRateEnabled:                 snapshot.Group.PeakRateEnabled,
 			PeakStart:                       snapshot.Group.PeakStart,
 			PeakEnd:                         snapshot.Group.PeakEnd,
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_version_test.go b/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_version_test.go
index 5982e526c7..98a37f37d1 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_version_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/api_key_auth_cache_version_test.go
@@ -41,3 +41,21 @@ func TestAPIKeyService_RejectsV10AuthSnapshotWithoutModelsListConfig(t *testing.
 		t.Fatalf("expected no API key from stale snapshot, got %#v", apiKey)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestAPIKeyService_RejectsV17AuthSnapshotWithoutReasoningEffortMappings(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := &APIKeyService{}
+
+	apiKey, ok, err := svc.applyAuthCacheEntry("k-legacy-reasoning-mappings", &APIKeyAuthCacheEntry{
+		Snapshot: &APIKeyAuthSnapshot{Version: 17},
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected stale snapshot to be ignored without error, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected v17 auth snapshot to be rejected after reasoning effort mappings were added")
+	}
+	if apiKey != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no API key from stale snapshot, got %#v", apiKey)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/api_key_service_cache_test.go b/backend/internal/service/api_key_service_cache_test.go
index 6dfa05f8b6..18ce5576e5 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/api_key_service_cache_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/api_key_service_cache_test.go
@@ -278,6 +278,45 @@ func TestAPIKeyService_SnapshotRoundTrip_PreservesMessagesDispatchModelConfig(t
 	require.Equal(t, apiKey.Group.MessagesDispatchModelConfig, roundTrip.Group.MessagesDispatchModelConfig)
 }
 
+func TestAPIKeyService_SnapshotRoundTrip_PreservesReasoningEffortPolicy(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := NewAPIKeyService(nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, &config.Config{})
+	groupID := int64(9)
+	apiKey := &APIKey{
+		ID:      1,
+		UserID:  2,
+		GroupID: &groupID,
+		Key:     "k-reasoning-policy",
+		Status:  StatusActive,
+		User: &User{
+			ID:          2,
+			Status:      StatusActive,
+			Role:        RoleUser,
+			Balance:     10,
+			Concurrency: 3,
+		},
+		Group: &Group{
+			ID:                 groupID,
+			Name:               "openai",
+			Platform:           PlatformOpenAI,
+			Status:             StatusActive,
+			SubscriptionType:   SubscriptionTypeStandard,
+			RateMultiplier:     1,
+			MaxReasoningEffort: "medium",
+			ReasoningEffortMappings: []ReasoningEffortMapping{
+				{From: "max", To: "xhigh"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	snapshot := svc.snapshotFromAPIKey(context.Background(), apiKey)
+	roundTrip := svc.snapshotToAPIKey(apiKey.Key, snapshot)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, roundTrip)
+	require.NotNil(t, roundTrip.Group)
+	require.Equal(t, "medium", roundTrip.Group.MaxReasoningEffort)
+	require.Equal(t, apiKey.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings, roundTrip.Group.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+}
+
 func TestAPIKeyService_GetByKey_IgnoresLegacyAuthCacheSnapshotWithoutMessagesDispatchConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	cache := &authCacheStub{}
 	var repoCalls int32
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/group.go b/backend/internal/service/group.go
index 58265b6687..e428035db5 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/group.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/group.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 
 type OpenAIMessagesDispatchModelConfig = domain.OpenAIMessagesDispatchModelConfig
 type GroupModelsListConfig = domain.GroupModelsListConfig
+type ReasoningEffortMapping = domain.ReasoningEffortMapping
 
 type Group struct {
 	ID             int64
@@ -91,6 +92,12 @@ type Group struct {
 	// 一旦设置即接管该分组用户的限流（覆盖用户级 rpm_limit），可被 user-group rpm_override 进一步覆盖。
 	RPMLimit int
 
+	// MaxReasoningEffort limits the effective OpenAI/Codex reasoning effort.
+	// Empty means unlimited; supported values are minimal/low/medium/high/xhigh/max.
+	MaxReasoningEffort string
+	// ReasoningEffortMappings rewrites explicit request values before applying the ceiling.
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []ReasoningEffortMapping
+
 	CreatedAt time.Time
 	UpdatedAt time.Time
 
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_reasoning_effort_policy.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_reasoning_effort_policy.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38441d5743
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_reasoning_effort_policy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+	"github.com/tidwall/sjson"
+)
+
+const (
+	maxReasoningEffortMappings = 64
+	maxReasoningEffortValueLen = 64
+)
+
+var openAIReasoningEffortValues = []string{"minimal", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"}
+
+// NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort validates and canonicalizes a group policy value.
+// Empty means that the group does not impose a ceiling.
+func NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(raw string) string {
+	value := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
+	value = strings.NewReplacer("-", "", "_", "", " ", "").Replace(value)
+	switch value {
+	case "":
+		return ""
+	case "none":
+		return "none"
+	case "minimal":
+		return "minimal"
+	case "low":
+		return "low"
+	case "medium":
+		return "medium"
+	case "high":
+		return "high"
+	case "xhigh", "extrahigh":
+		return "xhigh"
+	case "max":
+		return "max"
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}
+
+func reasoningEffortValuesForPlatform(platform string) []string {
+	if platform != PlatformOpenAI {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return openAIReasoningEffortValues
+}
+
+func normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, raw string) (string, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	allowedValues := reasoningEffortValuesForPlatform(platform)
+	if len(allowedValues) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("reasoning effort policy is only supported for platform %q", PlatformOpenAI)
+	}
+
+	value := NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(raw)
+	for _, allowed := range allowedValues {
+		if value == allowed {
+			return value, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return "", fmt.Errorf(
+		"reasoning effort %q is not supported for platform %q; allowed values: %s",
+		raw,
+		platform,
+		strings.Join(allowedValues, ", "),
+	)
+}
+
+func reasoningEffortRank(raw string) (int, bool) {
+	switch NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(raw) {
+	case "none":
+		return 0, true
+	case "minimal":
+		return 1, true
+	case "low":
+		return 2, true
+	case "medium":
+		return 3, true
+	case "high":
+		return 4, true
+	case "xhigh":
+		return 5, true
+	case "max":
+		return 6, true
+	default:
+		return 0, false
+	}
+}
+
+// NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings validates group mapping rules against the
+// fixed effort values supported by OpenAI groups.
+func NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(platform string, raw []ReasoningEffortMapping) ([]ReasoningEffortMapping, error) {
+	if len(raw) > maxReasoningEffortMappings {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("reasoning effort mappings cannot exceed %d entries", maxReasoningEffortMappings)
+	}
+
+	normalized := make([]ReasoningEffortMapping, 0, len(raw))
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(raw))
+	for i, mapping := range raw {
+		from := NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(mapping.From)
+		to := NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(mapping.To)
+		if from == "" || to == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reasoning effort mapping %d contains an empty or unknown value", i+1)
+		}
+		if len(from) > maxReasoningEffortValueLen || len(to) > maxReasoningEffortValueLen {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reasoning effort mapping %d values cannot exceed %d characters", i+1, maxReasoningEffortValueLen)
+		}
+		if _, err := normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, from); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reasoning effort mapping %d source: %w", i+1, err)
+		}
+		if _, err := normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, to); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reasoning effort mapping %d target: %w", i+1, err)
+		}
+		key := from
+		if _, exists := seen[key]; exists {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("duplicate reasoning effort mapping source %q", from)
+		}
+		seen[key] = struct{}{}
+		normalized = append(normalized, ReasoningEffortMapping{From: from, To: to})
+	}
+	return normalized, nil
+}
+
+func mapReasoningEffort(raw string, mappings []ReasoningEffortMapping) (string, bool) {
+	value := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+	canonical := NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(value)
+	for _, mapping := range mappings {
+		if canonical != "" && canonical == NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(mapping.From) {
+			return strings.TrimSpace(mapping.To), true
+		}
+	}
+	return value, false
+}
+
+func sanitizeGroupReasoningEffortPolicy(group *Group) {
+	if group == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	maxEffort, maxErr := normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(group.Platform, group.MaxReasoningEffort)
+	mappings, mappingsErr := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(group.Platform, group.ReasoningEffortMappings)
+	if maxErr != nil {
+		maxEffort = ""
+	}
+	if mappingsErr != nil {
+		mappings = []ReasoningEffortMapping{}
+	}
+	group.MaxReasoningEffort = maxEffort
+	group.ReasoningEffortMappings = mappings
+}
+
+// ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy applies one exact mapping and then caps
+// known effort levels. Omitted values remain untouched so upstream defaults
+// stay in control.
+func ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(body []byte, maxEffort string, mappings []ReasoningEffortMapping) ([]byte, bool) {
+	maxRank, hasMax := reasoningEffortRank(maxEffort)
+	if len(body) == 0 || (!hasMax && len(mappings) == 0) {
+		return body, false
+	}
+
+	result := body
+	changed := false
+	for _, path := range []string{"reasoning.effort", "reasoning_effort"} {
+		field := gjson.GetBytes(result, path)
+		if !field.Exists() || field.Type != gjson.String {
+			continue
+		}
+		original := strings.TrimSpace(field.String())
+		if original == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		effective, _ := mapReasoningEffort(original, mappings)
+		if currentRank, recognized := reasoningEffortRank(effective); recognized {
+			effective = NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(effective)
+			if hasMax && currentRank > maxRank {
+				effective = NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(maxEffort)
+			}
+		}
+		if effective == original {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		updated, err := sjson.SetBytes(result, path, effective)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		result = updated
+		changed = true
+	}
+	return result, changed
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_reasoning_effort_policy_test.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_reasoning_effort_policy_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41df07a3c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_reasoning_effort_policy_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+)
+
+func TestNormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		in   string
+		want string
+	}{
+		{name: "empty", in: "", want: ""},
+		{name: "separator", in: "x-high", want: "xhigh"},
+		{name: "max is distinct", in: "max", want: "max"},
+		{name: "invalid", in: "banana", want: ""},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			require.Equal(t, tt.want, NormalizeMaxReasoningEffort(tt.in))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("canonicalizes fixed OpenAI values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(PlatformOpenAI, []ReasoningEffortMapping{
+			{From: " MAX ", To: " x-high "},
+			{From: "minimal", To: "high"},
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, []ReasoningEffortMapping{
+			{From: "max", To: "xhigh"},
+			{From: "minimal", To: "high"},
+		}, got)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rejects empty values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		_, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(PlatformOpenAI, []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max"}})
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "empty or unknown")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rejects duplicate sources case insensitively", func(t *testing.T) {
+		_, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(PlatformOpenAI, []ReasoningEffortMapping{
+			{From: "max", To: "xhigh"},
+			{From: " MAX ", To: "high"},
+		})
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "duplicate")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rejects mappings for non OpenAI platforms", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, platform := range []string{PlatformAnthropic, PlatformGemini, PlatformAntigravity, PlatformGrok} {
+			_, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(platform, []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "low", To: "high"}})
+			require.ErrorContains(t, err, "only supported for platform \"openai\"")
+		}
+
+		_, err := NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(PlatformOpenAI, []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "none", To: "low"}})
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "not supported for platform")
+
+		_, err = NormalizeReasoningEffortMappings(PlatformOpenAI, []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "ultra", To: "high"}})
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "empty or unknown")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(t *testing.T) {
+	value, err := normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(PlatformOpenAI, "max")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, "max", value)
+
+	for _, platform := range []string{PlatformAnthropic, PlatformGemini, PlatformAntigravity, PlatformGrok} {
+		_, err = normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, "low")
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "only supported for platform \"openai\"")
+	}
+
+	_, err = normalizeMaxReasoningEffortForPlatform(PlatformOpenAI, "none")
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "not supported")
+}
+
+func TestApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		body     string
+		max      string
+		mappings []ReasoningEffortMapping
+		path     string
+		want     string
+		changed  bool
+	}{
+		{name: "nested caps high", body: `{"reasoning":{"effort":"xhigh"}}`, max: "medium", path: "reasoning.effort", want: "medium", changed: true},
+		{name: "flat caps high", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"high"}`, max: "low", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "low", changed: true},
+		{name: "does not raise omitted", body: `{"model":"gpt-5"}`, max: "low", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "", changed: false},
+		{name: "keeps lower value", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"low"}`, max: "high", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "low", changed: false},
+		{name: "normalizes request alias", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"x-high"}`, max: "xhigh", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "xhigh", changed: true},
+		{name: "caps max below its distinct rank", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"max"}`, max: "xhigh", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "xhigh", changed: true},
+		{name: "keeps xhigh below max", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"xhigh"}`, max: "max", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "xhigh", changed: false},
+		{name: "caps both shapes", body: `{"reasoning":{"effort":"high"},"reasoning_effort":"xhigh"}`, max: "low", path: "reasoning.effort", want: "low", changed: true},
+		{name: "maps before cap", body: `{"reasoning":{"effort":"MAX"}}`, max: "medium", mappings: []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max", To: "xhigh"}}, path: "reasoning.effort", want: "medium", changed: true},
+		{name: "does not chain mappings", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"max"}`, mappings: []ReasoningEffortMapping{{From: "max", To: "xhigh"}, {From: "xhigh", To: "low"}}, path: "reasoning_effort", want: "xhigh", changed: true},
+		{name: "keeps unknown without mapping", body: `{"reasoning_effort":"future"}`, max: "low", path: "reasoning_effort", want: "future", changed: false},
+		{name: "keeps non string value", body: `{"reasoning_effort":{"level":"high"}}`, max: "low", path: "reasoning_effort.level", want: "high", changed: false},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, changed := ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy([]byte(tt.body), tt.max, tt.mappings)
+			require.Equal(t, tt.changed, changed)
+			if tt.path != "" {
+				require.Equal(t, tt.want, gjson.GetBytes(got, tt.path).String())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder.go
index e0bd769c3c..d22bec21d5 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder.go
@@ -210,9 +210,13 @@ type OpenAIWSIngressHooks struct {
 	// InitialRequestModel 是首帧渠道映射前的请求模型，只用于 usage metadata
 	// 的 reasoning effort 后缀推导，禁止用于上游请求或计费模型。
 	InitialRequestModel string
-	BeforeTurn          func(turn int) error
-	BeforeRequest       func(turn int, payload []byte, originalModel string) error
-	AfterTurn           func(turn int, result *OpenAIForwardResult, turnErr error)
+	// MaxReasoningEffort limits explicit reasoning effort values for this WS session.
+	MaxReasoningEffort string
+	// ReasoningEffortMappings rewrites explicit effort values for this WS session.
+	ReasoningEffortMappings []ReasoningEffortMapping
+	BeforeTurn              func(turn int) error
+	BeforeRequest           func(turn int, payload []byte, originalModel string) error
+	AfterTurn               func(turn int, result *OpenAIForwardResult, turnErr error)
 }
 
 func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) getOpenAIWSConnPool() *openAIWSConnPool {
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder_ingress.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder_ingress.go
index 67bffe6ce2..c896ec7947 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder_ingress.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_forwarder_ingress.go
@@ -197,6 +197,11 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) ProxyResponsesWebSocketFromClient(
 				nil,
 			)
 		}
+		if hooks != nil && (hooks.MaxReasoningEffort != "" || len(hooks.ReasoningEffortMappings) > 0) {
+			if capped, changed := ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(normalized, hooks.MaxReasoningEffort, hooks.ReasoningEffortMappings); changed {
+				normalized = capped
+			}
+		}
 
 		originalModel := strings.TrimSpace(values[1].String())
 		modelMissing := originalModel == ""
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_v2_passthrough_adapter.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_v2_passthrough_adapter.go
index f61cb572b3..934a35fcc8 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_v2_passthrough_adapter.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_ws_v2_passthrough_adapter.go
@@ -627,6 +627,11 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) proxyResponsesWebSocketV2Passthrough(
 		}
 		firstClientMessage = liteFirstMessage
 	}
+	if hooks != nil && (hooks.MaxReasoningEffort != "" || len(hooks.ReasoningEffortMappings) > 0) {
+		if capped, changed := ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(firstClientMessage, hooks.MaxReasoningEffort, hooks.ReasoningEffortMappings); changed {
+			firstClientMessage = capped
+		}
+	}
 	requestModel := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(firstClientMessage, "model").String())
 	requestPreviousResponseID := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(firstClientMessage, "previous_response_id").String())
 	logOpenAIWSV2Passthrough(
@@ -867,6 +872,11 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) proxyResponsesWebSocketV2Passthrough(
 					}
 					payload = litePayload
 				}
+				if hooks != nil && (hooks.MaxReasoningEffort != "" || len(hooks.ReasoningEffortMappings) > 0) {
+					if capped, changed := ApplyOpenAIReasoningEffortPolicy(payload, hooks.MaxReasoningEffort, hooks.ReasoningEffortMappings); changed {
+						payload = capped
+					}
+				}
 			}
 			if isResponseCreate && hooks != nil && hooks.BeforeRequest != nil {
 				turnNo := int(completedTurns.Load()) + 1
diff --git a/backend/migrations/185_group_max_reasoning_effort.sql b/backend/migrations/185_group_max_reasoning_effort.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c7d35a41f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/migrations/185_group_max_reasoning_effort.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+-- Add a per-group ceiling for OpenAI/Codex reasoning effort.
+ALTER TABLE groups
+    ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS max_reasoning_effort VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '';
diff --git a/backend/migrations/186_group_reasoning_effort_mappings.sql b/backend/migrations/186_group_reasoning_effort_mappings.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d843785895
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/migrations/186_group_reasoning_effort_mappings.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+-- Add exact rewrites for explicit OpenAI/Codex reasoning effort values.
+ALTER TABLE groups
+    ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS reasoning_effort_mappings JSONB NOT NULL DEFAULT '[]'::jsonb;
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/admin/group/ReasoningEffortPolicyFields.vue b/frontend/src/components/admin/group/ReasoningEffortPolicyFields.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba363d7451
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/admin/group/ReasoningEffortPolicyFields.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="space-y-4">
+    <div>
+      <label :for="`${idPrefix}-max-effort`" class="input-label">
+        {{ t("admin.groups.form.maxReasoningEffort") }}
+      </label>
+      <Select
+        :id="`${idPrefix}-max-effort`"
+        :model-value="maxEffort"
+        :options="reasoningEffortOptions"
+        :placeholder="t('admin.groups.form.maxReasoningEffortUnlimited')"
+        :aria-label="t('admin.groups.form.maxReasoningEffort')"
+        :searchable="false"
+        clearable
+        @update:model-value="updateMaxEffort"
+      />
+      <p class="input-hint">{{ t("admin.groups.form.maxReasoningEffortHint") }}</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="border-t border-gray-200 pt-4 dark:border-dark-600">
+      <div class="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
+        <label class="input-label mb-0">
+          {{ t("admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortMappings") }}
+        </label>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          class="inline-flex min-h-11 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 text-sm font-medium text-primary-600 transition-colors hover:bg-primary-50 hover:text-primary-700 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-primary-500/30 dark:text-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-900/20 dark:hover:text-primary-300"
+          @click="addMapping"
+        >
+          <Icon name="plus" size="sm" />
+          {{ t("admin.groups.form.addReasoningEffortMapping") }}
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      <div v-if="mappings.length > 0" class="space-y-2">
+        <div
+          v-for="row in mappings"
+          :key="row.id"
+          class="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50/40 p-3 dark:border-dark-600 dark:bg-dark-800/40"
+        >
+          <div class="grid gap-3 md:grid-cols-[minmax(0,1fr)_auto_minmax(0,1fr)_auto] md:items-start">
+            <div>
+              <label :for="`${idPrefix}-${row.id}-from`" class="input-label">
+                {{ t("admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortFrom") }}
+              </label>
+              <Select
+                :id="`${idPrefix}-${row.id}-from`"
+                :model-value="row.from"
+                :options="reasoningEffortOptions"
+                :placeholder="t('admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortFromPlaceholder')"
+                :error="showValidation && !!validationErrors[row.id]?.from"
+                :aria-label="t('admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortFrom')"
+                :aria-describedby="showValidation && validationErrors[row.id]?.from ? `${idPrefix}-${row.id}-from-error` : undefined"
+                :searchable="false"
+                clearable
+                @update:model-value="updateMapping(row.id, 'from', $event)"
+              />
+              <p
+                v-if="showValidation && validationErrors[row.id]?.from"
+                :id="`${idPrefix}-${row.id}-from-error`"
+                class="mt-1 text-xs text-red-600 dark:text-red-400"
+                role="alert"
+              >
+                {{ mappingErrorText(validationErrors[row.id]?.from) }}
+              </p>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="hidden pt-8 text-gray-400 md:block dark:text-dark-400">
+              <Icon name="arrowRight" size="sm" />
+            </div>
+
+            <div>
+              <label :for="`${idPrefix}-${row.id}-to`" class="input-label">
+                {{ t("admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortTo") }}
+              </label>
+              <Select
+                :id="`${idPrefix}-${row.id}-to`"
+                :model-value="row.to"
+                :options="reasoningEffortOptions"
+                :placeholder="t('admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortToPlaceholder')"
+                :error="showValidation && !!validationErrors[row.id]?.to"
+                :aria-label="t('admin.groups.form.reasoningEffortTo')"
+                :aria-describedby="showValidation && validationErrors[row.id]?.to ? `${idPrefix}-${row.id}-to-error` : undefined"
+                :searchable="false"
+                clearable
+                @update:model-value="updateMapping(row.id, 'to', $event)"
+              />
+              <p
+                v-if="showValidation && validationErrors[row.id]?.to"
+                :id="`${idPrefix}-${row.id}-to-error`"
+                class="mt-1 text-xs text-red-600 dark:text-red-400"
+                role="alert"
+              >
+                {{ mappingErrorText(validationErrors[row.id]?.to) }}
+              </p>
+            </div>
+
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              class="flex h-11 w-11 items-center justify-center rounded-lg text-gray-400 transition-colors hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-500 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-red-500/30 md:mt-6 dark:hover:bg-red-900/20 dark:hover:text-red-400"
+              :title="t('admin.groups.form.removeReasoningEffortMapping')"
+              :aria-label="t('admin.groups.form.removeReasoningEffortMapping')"
+              @click="removeMapping(row.id)"
+            >
+              <Icon name="trash" size="sm" />
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { computed, ref } from "vue";
+import { useI18n } from "vue-i18n";
+import type { GroupPlatform } from "@/types";
+import Icon from "@/components/icons/Icon.vue";
+import Select from "@/components/common/Select.vue";
+import {
+  createReasoningEffortMappingRow,
+  reasoningEffortOptionsForPlatform,
+  validateReasoningEffortMappings,
+  type ReasoningEffortMappingErrorCode,
+  type ReasoningEffortMappingRow,
+} from "@/views/admin/groupsReasoningEffort";
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  idPrefix: string;
+  platform: GroupPlatform;
+  maxEffort: string;
+  mappings: ReasoningEffortMappingRow[];
+}>();
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  (event: "update:maxEffort", value: string): void;
+  (event: "update:mappings", value: ReasoningEffortMappingRow[]): void;
+}>();
+
+const { t } = useI18n();
+const showValidation = ref(false);
+const reasoningEffortOptions = computed(() =>
+  reasoningEffortOptionsForPlatform(props.platform),
+);
+const validationErrors = computed(() =>
+  validateReasoningEffortMappings(props.mappings, props.platform),
+);
+
+const asString = (value: string | number | boolean | null): string =>
+  value == null ? "" : String(value);
+
+const updateMaxEffort = (value: string | number | boolean | null) => {
+  emit("update:maxEffort", asString(value));
+};
+
+const updateMapping = (
+  id: string,
+  field: "from" | "to",
+  value: string | number | boolean | null,
+) => {
+  emit(
+    "update:mappings",
+    props.mappings.map((row) =>
+      row.id === id ? { ...row, [field]: asString(value) } : row,
+    ),
+  );
+};
+
+const addMapping = () => {
+  emit("update:mappings", [
+    ...props.mappings,
+    createReasoningEffortMappingRow(),
+  ]);
+};
+
+const removeMapping = (id: string) => {
+  emit(
+    "update:mappings",
+    props.mappings.filter((row) => row.id !== id),
+  );
+};
+
+const mappingErrorText = (
+  code: ReasoningEffortMappingErrorCode | undefined,
+): string => (code ? t(`admin.groups.form.${code}`) : "");
+
+const validate = (): boolean => {
+  showValidation.value = true;
+  return Object.keys(validationErrors.value).length === 0;
+};
+
+const resetValidation = () => {
+  showValidation.value = false;
+};
+
+defineExpose({ validate, resetValidation });
+</script>
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/common/Select.vue b/frontend/src/components/common/Select.vue
index 82ac969a7e..13548a13a0 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/common/Select.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/components/common/Select.vue
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
       :disabled="disabled"
       :aria-expanded="isOpen"
       :aria-haspopup="true"
-      aria-label="Select option"
+      :id="id"
+      :aria-label="ariaLabel ?? 'Select option'"
+      :aria-describedby="ariaDescribedby"
       :class="[
         'select-trigger',
         isOpen && 'select-trigger-open',
@@ -65,6 +67,7 @@
               v-model="searchQuery"
               type="text"
               :placeholder="searchPlaceholderText"
+              :aria-label="searchPlaceholderText"
               class="select-search-input"
               @click.stop
             />
@@ -148,6 +151,9 @@ interface Props {
   creatable?: boolean
   creatablePrefix?: string
   clearable?: boolean
+  id?: string
+  ariaLabel?: string
+  ariaDescribedby?: string
 }
 
 interface Emits {
diff --git a/frontend/src/i18n/locales/en/admin/overview.ts b/frontend/src/i18n/locales/en/admin/overview.ts
index e35bfe09ce..360dd47127 100644
--- a/frontend/src/i18n/locales/en/admin/overview.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/i18n/locales/en/admin/overview.ts
@@ -848,6 +848,21 @@ export default {
         rpmLimit: 'Requests Per Minute (RPM)',
         rpmLimitPlaceholder: '0 = unlimited',
         rpmLimitHint: 'Max requests per minute for each user in this group; 0 = unlimited. Once set, it takes over per-user rate limiting in this group (overrides the user-level rpm_limit fallback).',
+        maxReasoningEffort: 'Max reasoning effort',
+        maxReasoningEffortUnlimited: 'Unlimited (follow request)',
+        maxReasoningEffortHint: 'Limits explicit OpenAI reasoning effort requests only. Higher values are capped; omitted effort stays omitted. The ceiling takes precedence over reasoning effort mappings.',
+        reasoningEffortMappings: 'Reasoning effort mappings',
+        addReasoningEffortMapping: 'Add mapping',
+        removeReasoningEffortMapping: 'Remove mapping',
+        reasoningEffortFrom: 'Request value',
+        reasoningEffortTo: 'Forwarded value',
+        reasoningEffortFromPlaceholder: 'Select A',
+        reasoningEffortToPlaceholder: 'Select B',
+        fromRequired: 'Select request value A',
+        toRequired: 'Select forwarded value B',
+        unsupportedFrom: 'Request value is not supported by this platform',
+        unsupportedTo: 'Forwarded value is not supported by this platform',
+        duplicateFrom: 'Request value A must be unique',
         exclusiveLabel: 'Exclusive Group',
         exclusiveHint: 'Exclusive group, can be manually assigned to users',
         platformLabel: 'Platform Restriction',
diff --git a/frontend/src/i18n/locales/zh/admin/overview.ts b/frontend/src/i18n/locales/zh/admin/overview.ts
index 2fde589193..82311c555f 100644
--- a/frontend/src/i18n/locales/zh/admin/overview.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/i18n/locales/zh/admin/overview.ts
@@ -830,6 +830,21 @@ export default {
         rpmLimit: '每分钟请求数 (RPM)',
         rpmLimitPlaceholder: '0 表示不限制',
         rpmLimitHint: '每用户在本分组每分钟最大请求数，0 = 不限制；一旦设置即接管该用户的限流（覆盖用户级 rpm_limit）',
+        maxReasoningEffort: '推理强度上限',
+        maxReasoningEffortUnlimited: '不限制（跟随请求）',
+        maxReasoningEffortHint: '仅限制客户端主动请求的 OpenAI reasoning effort；超过上限时自动降档，不会为缺省请求主动开启推理。上限优先级高于推理强度映射。',
+        reasoningEffortMappings: '推理强度映射',
+        addReasoningEffortMapping: '添加映射',
+        removeReasoningEffortMapping: '删除映射',
+        reasoningEffortFrom: '请求值',
+        reasoningEffortTo: '转发值',
+        reasoningEffortFromPlaceholder: '请选择 A',
+        reasoningEffortToPlaceholder: '请选择 B',
+        fromRequired: '请选择请求值 A',
+        toRequired: '请选择转发值 B',
+        unsupportedFrom: '请求值不受当前平台支持',
+        unsupportedTo: '转发值不受当前平台支持',
+        duplicateFrom: '请求值 A 不能重复',
         exclusiveLabel: '专属分组',
         exclusiveHint: '专属分组，可以手动指定给用户',
         platformLabel: '平台限制',
diff --git a/frontend/src/types/index.ts b/frontend/src/types/index.ts
index f49d9c419d..3ed6a87b9a 100644
--- a/frontend/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/types/index.ts
@@ -503,6 +503,11 @@ export interface OpenAIMessagesDispatchModelConfig {
   exact_model_mappings?: Record<string, string>
 }
 
+export interface ReasoningEffortMapping {
+  from: string
+  to: string
+}
+
 export interface Group {
   id: number
   name: string
@@ -510,6 +515,8 @@ export interface Group {
   platform: GroupPlatform
   rate_multiplier: number
   rpm_limit?: number // Group-level RPM cap (0 = unlimited); overrides user-level rpm_limit when set
+  max_reasoning_effort?: string // OpenAI/Codex reasoning ceiling; empty means unlimited
+  reasoning_effort_mappings?: ReasoningEffortMapping[]
   is_exclusive: boolean
   status: 'active' | 'inactive'
   subscription_type: SubscriptionType
@@ -683,6 +690,8 @@ export interface CreateGroupRequest {
   model_routing?: Record<string, number[]> | null
   model_routing_enabled?: boolean
   rpm_limit?: number
+  max_reasoning_effort?: string
+  reasoning_effort_mappings?: ReasoningEffortMapping[]
   require_oauth_only?: boolean
   require_privacy_set?: boolean
   // 从指定分组复制账号
@@ -731,6 +740,8 @@ export interface UpdateGroupRequest {
   model_routing?: Record<string, number[]> | null
   model_routing_enabled?: boolean
   rpm_limit?: number
+  max_reasoning_effort?: string
+  reasoning_effort_mappings?: ReasoningEffortMapping[]
   require_oauth_only?: boolean
   require_privacy_set?: boolean
   copy_accounts_from_group_ids?: number[]
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/admin/GroupsView.vue b/frontend/src/views/admin/GroupsView.vue
index 635488479b..6f796c27e5 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/admin/GroupsView.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/admin/GroupsView.vue
@@ -599,6 +599,14 @@
           />
           <p class="input-hint">{{ t("admin.groups.form.rpmLimitHint") }}</p>
         </div>
+        <ReasoningEffortPolicyFields
+          v-if="createForm.platform === 'openai'"
+          ref="createReasoningEffortPolicyRef"
+          id-prefix="create-group-reasoning"
+          :platform="createForm.platform"
+          v-model:max-effort="createForm.max_reasoning_effort"
+          v-model:mappings="createForm.reasoning_effort_mappings"
+        />
         <div
           v-if="createForm.subscription_type !== 'subscription'"
           data-tour="group-form-exclusive"
@@ -2111,6 +2119,14 @@
           />
           <p class="input-hint">{{ t("admin.groups.form.rpmLimitHint") }}</p>
         </div>
+        <ReasoningEffortPolicyFields
+          v-if="editForm.platform === 'openai'"
+          ref="editReasoningEffortPolicyRef"
+          id-prefix="edit-group-reasoning"
+          :platform="editForm.platform"
+          v-model:max-effort="editForm.max_reasoning_effort"
+          v-model:mappings="editForm.reasoning_effort_mappings"
+        />
         <div v-if="editForm.subscription_type !== 'subscription'">
           <div class="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-1">
             <label class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
@@ -3601,6 +3617,7 @@ import Icon from "@/components/icons/Icon.vue";
 import GroupRateMultipliersModal from "@/components/admin/group/GroupRateMultipliersModal.vue";
 import GroupRPMOverridesModal from "@/components/admin/group/GroupRPMOverridesModal.vue";
 import GroupCapacityBadge from "@/components/common/GroupCapacityBadge.vue";
+import ReasoningEffortPolicyFields from "@/components/admin/group/ReasoningEffortPolicyFields.vue";
 import { VueDraggable } from "vue-draggable-plus";
 import { createStableObjectKeyResolver } from "@/utils/stableObjectKey";
 import { extractApiErrorMessage } from "@/utils/apiError";
@@ -3623,6 +3640,12 @@ import {
 } from "./groupsModelsList";
 import { createModelsListCandidatesTracker } from "./groupsModelsListCandidates";
 import { normalizeSupportedModelScopesForPlatform } from "./groupsSupportedModelScopes";
+import {
+  normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform,
+  reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI,
+  reasoningEffortMappingsToRows,
+  type ReasoningEffortMappingRow,
+} from "./groupsReasoningEffort";
 import {
   getDefaultImagePreviewPrice,
   getDefaultVideoPreviewPrice,
@@ -4000,6 +4023,12 @@ const createModelsListState = reactive(createInitialModelsListState());
 const editModelsListState = reactive(createInitialModelsListState());
 const createModelsListLoading = ref(false);
 const editModelsListLoading = ref(false);
+type ReasoningEffortPolicyFieldsExpose = {
+  validate: () => boolean;
+  resetValidation: () => void;
+};
+const createReasoningEffortPolicyRef = ref<ReasoningEffortPolicyFieldsExpose | null>(null);
+const editReasoningEffortPolicyRef = ref<ReasoningEffortPolicyFieldsExpose | null>(null);
 const modelsListCandidatesTracker = createModelsListCandidatesTracker();
 const createModelsListSelectedCount = computed(
   () => createModelsListState.items.filter((item) => item.selected).length,
@@ -4064,6 +4093,8 @@ const createForm = reactive({
   copy_accounts_from_group_ids: [] as number[],
   // 分组级 RPM 限制（每用户每分钟最大请求数；0 = 不限制）
   rpm_limit: 0 as number,
+  max_reasoning_effort: "",
+  reasoning_effort_mappings: [] as ReasoningEffortMappingRow[],
 });
 
 // 简单账号类型（用于模型路由选择）
@@ -4412,6 +4443,8 @@ const editForm = reactive({
   copy_accounts_from_group_ids: [] as number[],
   // 分组级 RPM 限制（每用户每分钟最大请求数；0 = 不限制）
   rpm_limit: 0 as number,
+  max_reasoning_effort: "",
+  reasoning_effort_mappings: [] as ReasoningEffortMappingRow[],
 });
 
 type ImagePricingFormState = {
@@ -4801,6 +4834,9 @@ const closeCreateModal = () => {
   createForm.mcp_xml_inject = true;
   createForm.copy_accounts_from_group_ids = [];
   createForm.rpm_limit = 0;
+  createForm.max_reasoning_effort = "";
+  createForm.reasoning_effort_mappings = [];
+  createReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value?.resetValidation();
   resetModelsListState(createModelsListState);
   createModelRoutingRules.value = [];
 };
@@ -4839,6 +4875,13 @@ const handleCreateGroup = async () => {
     appStore.showError(t("admin.groups.nameRequired"));
     return;
   }
+  if (
+    createForm.platform === "openai" &&
+    createReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value &&
+    !createReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value.validate()
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
   submitting.value = true;
   try {
     // 构建请求数据，包含模型路由配置
@@ -4871,6 +4914,9 @@ const handleCreateGroup = async () => {
               exact_model_mappings: createForm.exact_model_mappings,
             })
           : undefined,
+      reasoning_effort_mappings: reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI(
+        createForm.reasoning_effort_mappings,
+      ),
     };
     // v-model.number 清空输入框时产生 ""，转为 null 让后端设为无限制
     const emptyToNull = (v: any) => (v === "" ? null : v);
@@ -4985,6 +5031,14 @@ const handleEdit = async (group: AdminGroup) => {
   editForm.mcp_xml_inject = group.mcp_xml_inject ?? true;
   editForm.copy_accounts_from_group_ids = []; // 复制账号字段每次编辑时重置为空
   editForm.rpm_limit = group.rpm_limit ?? 0;
+  editForm.max_reasoning_effort = normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(
+    group.platform,
+    group.max_reasoning_effort,
+  );
+  editForm.reasoning_effort_mappings = reasoningEffortMappingsToRows(
+    group.reasoning_effort_mappings,
+    group.platform,
+  );
   resetModelsListState(editModelsListState, group.models_list_config);
   // 加载模型路由规则（异步加载账号名称）
   editModelRoutingRules.value = await convertApiFormatToRoutingRules(
@@ -5001,6 +5055,9 @@ const closeEditModal = () => {
   clearAllAccountSearchState();
   showEditModal.value = false;
   editingGroup.value = null;
+  editForm.max_reasoning_effort = "";
+  editForm.reasoning_effort_mappings = [];
+  editReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value?.resetValidation();
   editModelRoutingRules.value = [];
   editForm.copy_accounts_from_group_ids = [];
   editForm.peak_rate_enabled = false;
@@ -5023,6 +5080,13 @@ const handleUpdateGroup = async () => {
     appStore.showError(t("admin.groups.nameRequired"));
     return;
   }
+  if (
+    editForm.platform === "openai" &&
+    editReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value &&
+    !editReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value.validate()
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
 
   submitting.value = true;
   try {
@@ -5062,6 +5126,9 @@ const handleUpdateGroup = async () => {
               exact_model_mappings: editForm.exact_model_mappings,
             })
           : undefined,
+      reasoning_effort_mappings: reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI(
+        editForm.reasoning_effort_mappings,
+      ),
     };
     // v-model.number 清空输入框时产生 ""，转为 null 让后端设为无限制
     const emptyToNull = (v: any) => (v === "" ? null : v);
@@ -5227,6 +5294,15 @@ watch(
     if (newVal !== "openai") {
       resetMessagesDispatchFormState(createForm);
     }
+    createForm.max_reasoning_effort = normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(
+      newVal,
+      createForm.max_reasoning_effort,
+    );
+    createForm.reasoning_effort_mappings = reasoningEffortMappingsToRows(
+      reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI(createForm.reasoning_effort_mappings),
+      newVal,
+    );
+    createReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value?.resetValidation();
     if (!["openai", "antigravity", "anthropic", "gemini"].includes(newVal)) {
       createForm.require_oauth_only = false;
       createForm.require_privacy_set = false;
@@ -5260,6 +5336,15 @@ watch(
     if (newVal !== "openai") {
       resetMessagesDispatchFormState(editForm);
     }
+    editForm.max_reasoning_effort = normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(
+      newVal,
+      editForm.max_reasoning_effort,
+    );
+    editForm.reasoning_effort_mappings = reasoningEffortMappingsToRows(
+      reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI(editForm.reasoning_effort_mappings),
+      newVal,
+    );
+    editReasoningEffortPolicyRef.value?.resetValidation();
     if (!["openai", "antigravity", "anthropic", "gemini"].includes(newVal)) {
       editForm.require_oauth_only = false;
       editForm.require_privacy_set = false;
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/groupsReasoningEffort.spec.ts b/frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/groupsReasoningEffort.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc5350729b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/views/admin/__tests__/groupsReasoningEffort.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import {
+  createReasoningEffortMappingRow,
+  normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform,
+  reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI,
+  reasoningEffortMappingsToRows,
+  reasoningEffortOptionsForPlatform,
+  validateReasoningEffortMappings,
+} from "../groupsReasoningEffort";
+
+describe("groupsReasoningEffort", () => {
+  it("provides fixed OpenAI choices without none", () => {
+    expect(
+      reasoningEffortOptionsForPlatform("openai").map((option) => option.value),
+    ).toEqual([
+      "minimal",
+      "low",
+      "medium",
+      "high",
+      "xhigh",
+      "max",
+    ]);
+    for (const platform of [
+      "anthropic",
+      "gemini",
+      "antigravity",
+      "grok",
+    ] as const) {
+      expect(reasoningEffortOptionsForPlatform(platform)).toEqual([]);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("hydrates supported rows and drops stale custom values", () => {
+    const rows = reasoningEffortMappingsToRows(
+      [
+        { from: " max ", to: " xhigh " },
+        { from: "ultra", to: "high" },
+      ],
+      "openai",
+    );
+
+    expect(rows).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI(rows)).toEqual([
+      { from: "max", to: "xhigh" },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("clears values unsupported by OpenAI or used on another platform", () => {
+    expect(normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform("openai", " MAX ")).toBe("max");
+    expect(normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform("grok", "max")).toBe("");
+    expect(normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform("openai", "none")).toBe("");
+  });
+
+  it("requires both sides of every mapping", () => {
+    const first = createReasoningEffortMappingRow({ to: "low" });
+    const second = createReasoningEffortMappingRow({ from: "max" });
+
+    expect(validateReasoningEffortMappings([first, second])).toEqual({
+      [first.id]: { from: "fromRequired" },
+      [second.id]: { to: "toRequired" },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("rejects duplicate source values case insensitively", () => {
+    const first = createReasoningEffortMappingRow({ from: "MAX", to: "xhigh" });
+    const second = createReasoningEffortMappingRow({ from: " max ", to: "high" });
+
+    expect(validateReasoningEffortMappings([first, second])).toEqual({
+      [first.id]: { from: "duplicateFrom" },
+      [second.id]: { from: "duplicateFrom" },
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("rejects custom mappings", () => {
+    const row = createReasoningEffortMappingRow({ from: "ultra", to: "high" });
+    expect(validateReasoningEffortMappings([row], "openai")).toEqual({
+      [row.id]: { from: "unsupportedFrom" },
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/admin/groupsReasoningEffort.ts b/frontend/src/views/admin/groupsReasoningEffort.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a3a4504e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/views/admin/groupsReasoningEffort.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import type { GroupPlatform, ReasoningEffortMapping } from "@/types";
+
+const openAIReasoningEffortValues = [
+  "minimal",
+  "low",
+  "medium",
+  "high",
+  "xhigh",
+  "max",
+] as const;
+
+const reasoningEffortValuesForPlatform = (
+  platform: GroupPlatform,
+): readonly string[] =>
+  platform === "openai" ? openAIReasoningEffortValues : [];
+
+export function reasoningEffortOptionsForPlatform(platform: GroupPlatform) {
+  return reasoningEffortValuesForPlatform(platform).map((value) => ({
+    value,
+    label: value,
+  }));
+}
+
+export function normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(
+  platform: GroupPlatform,
+  value: string | null | undefined,
+): string {
+  const normalized = value?.trim().toLowerCase() ?? "";
+  return reasoningEffortValuesForPlatform(platform).some(
+    (allowed) => allowed === normalized,
+  )
+    ? normalized
+    : "";
+}
+
+export interface ReasoningEffortMappingRow extends ReasoningEffortMapping {
+  id: string;
+}
+
+export type ReasoningEffortMappingErrorCode =
+  | "fromRequired"
+  | "toRequired"
+  | "duplicateFrom"
+  | "unsupportedFrom"
+  | "unsupportedTo";
+
+export type ReasoningEffortMappingErrors = Record<
+  string,
+  Partial<Record<"from" | "to", ReasoningEffortMappingErrorCode>>
+>;
+
+let nextMappingRowID = 0;
+
+export function createReasoningEffortMappingRow(
+  mapping: Partial<ReasoningEffortMapping> = {},
+): ReasoningEffortMappingRow {
+  nextMappingRowID += 1;
+  return {
+    id: `reasoning-effort-mapping-${nextMappingRowID}`,
+    from: mapping.from ?? "",
+    to: mapping.to ?? "",
+  };
+}
+
+export function reasoningEffortMappingsToRows(
+  mappings?: ReasoningEffortMapping[] | null,
+  platform: GroupPlatform = "openai",
+): ReasoningEffortMappingRow[] {
+  return (mappings ?? []).flatMap((mapping) => {
+    const from = normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, mapping.from);
+    const to = normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, mapping.to);
+    return from && to
+      ? [createReasoningEffortMappingRow({ from, to })]
+      : [];
+  });
+}
+
+export function reasoningEffortMappingsToAPI(
+  rows: ReasoningEffortMappingRow[],
+): ReasoningEffortMapping[] {
+  return rows.map((row) => ({
+    from: row.from.trim(),
+    to: row.to.trim(),
+  }));
+}
+
+export function validateReasoningEffortMappings(
+  rows: ReasoningEffortMappingRow[],
+  platform: GroupPlatform = "openai",
+): ReasoningEffortMappingErrors {
+  const errors: ReasoningEffortMappingErrors = {};
+  const sourceRows = new Map<string, ReasoningEffortMappingRow[]>();
+
+  rows.forEach((row) => {
+    const from = row.from.trim();
+    const to = row.to.trim();
+    if (!from) {
+      errors[row.id] = { ...errors[row.id], from: "fromRequired" };
+    } else if (!normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, from)) {
+      errors[row.id] = { ...errors[row.id], from: "unsupportedFrom" };
+    } else {
+      const key = from.toLowerCase();
+      sourceRows.set(key, [...(sourceRows.get(key) ?? []), row]);
+    }
+    if (!to) {
+      errors[row.id] = { ...errors[row.id], to: "toRequired" };
+    } else if (!normalizeReasoningEffortForPlatform(platform, to)) {
+      errors[row.id] = { ...errors[row.id], to: "unsupportedTo" };
+    }
+  });
+
+  sourceRows.forEach((duplicateRows) => {
+    if (duplicateRows.length < 2) return;
+    duplicateRows.forEach((row) => {
+      errors[row.id] = { ...errors[row.id], from: "duplicateFrom" };
+    });
+  });
+
+  return errors;
+}