diff --git a/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service.go b/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service.go
index 3bd467f464..47f234f85d 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service.go
@@ -366,12 +366,16 @@ func (s *RateLimitService) HandleUpstreamError(ctx context.Context, account *Acc
 	// otherwise a broad "rate limit" keyword rule can shorten a multi-hour
 	// cooldown to a local temporary pause.
 	if statusCode == http.StatusTooManyRequests && account.Platform == PlatformAnthropic {
+		// Fable may be rejected because the organization has no usage credits for
+		// this model. Anthropic reports that as 429, but it is a model entitlement
+		// failure rather than a shared account window exhaustion.
+		fableCreditsRequired := s.persistAnthropicFableCreditsRequired(ctx, account, headers, responseBody, firstRequestedModel(requestedModel))
 		// 7d_oi 是 Fable 模型专属的 7d 窗口：只标记模型级限流，账号对其他模型仍可调度。
 		fableLimited := s.persistAnthropicFableWindowLimit(ctx, account, headers)
 		if s.persistAnthropicExhaustedWindowLimit(ctx, account, headers) {
 			return false
 		}
-		if fableLimited {
+		if fableCreditsRequired || fableLimited {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
@@ -1486,7 +1490,59 @@ func (s *RateLimitService) persistAnthropicExhaustedWindowLimit(ctx context.Cont
 	return true
 }
 
-const anthropicFableWindowReason = "anthropic_7d_oi_window_exhausted"
+const (
+	anthropicFableWindowReason          = "anthropic_7d_oi_window_exhausted"
+	anthropicFableCreditsRequiredReason = "anthropic_fable_credits_required"
+)
+
+// persistAnthropicFableCreditsRequired handles Anthropic's credits_required
+// response for Fable. Although the upstream status is 429, this response only
+// says that the organization cannot use Fable; marking the whole account rate
+// limited would unnecessarily stop Sonnet, Opus, and Haiku scheduling.
+func (s *RateLimitService) persistAnthropicFableCreditsRequired(ctx context.Context, account *Account, headers http.Header, responseBody []byte, requestedModel string) bool {
+	if s == nil || s.accountRepo == nil || account == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(responseBody, "error.details.error_code").String()), "credits_required") {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	model := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(responseBody, "error.details.model").String())
+	if model == "" {
+		model = strings.TrimSpace(requestedModel)
+	}
+	if !isAnthropicFableModel(model) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	resetAt, ok := parseAnthropicResetTimestamp(headers.Get("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-reset"), now, 366*24*time.Hour)
+	if !ok {
+		cooldown, enabled := s.get429FallbackCooldown(ctx, account)
+		if !enabled {
+			slog.Info("anthropic_fable_credits_required_cooldown_ignored", "account_id", account.ID)
+			return true
+		}
+		resetAt = now.Add(cooldown)
+	}
+
+	if err := s.accountRepo.SetModelRateLimit(ctx, account.ID, anthropicFableRateLimitKey, resetAt, anthropicFableCreditsRequiredReason); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("anthropic_fable_credits_required_rate_limit_set_failed",
+			"account_id", account.ID,
+			"scope", anthropicFableRateLimitKey,
+			"reset_at", resetAt,
+			"error", err)
+		// The response is still known to be Fable-specific. Do not widen a
+		// persistence failure into an account-level rate limit.
+		return true
+	}
+	slog.Info("anthropic_fable_credits_required_model_rate_limited",
+		"account_id", account.ID,
+		"scope", anthropicFableRateLimitKey,
+		"reset_at", resetAt,
+		"reset_in", time.Until(resetAt).Truncate(time.Second))
+	return true
+}
 
 // selectAnthropicFableWindowLimit parses the Anthropic 7d_oi per-model window
 // headers (the Fable-only 7d window, e.g. anthropic-ratelimit-unified-7d_oi-*).
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service_anthropic_window_limit_test.go b/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service_anthropic_window_limit_test.go
index a13e8fe333..328bf07fe6 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service_anthropic_window_limit_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service_anthropic_window_limit_test.go
@@ -160,6 +160,82 @@ func TestHandleUpstreamError_Anthropic7dOiOnlyMarksModelRateLimit(t *testing.T)
 	require.Equal(t, 0.41, repo.lastExtraUpdates["session_window_utilization"])
 }
 
+func TestHandleUpstreamError_AnthropicFableCreditsRequiredOnlyMarksModelRateLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	resetAt := time.Now().Add(29 * 24 * time.Hour).Truncate(time.Second)
+	headers := http.Header{}
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-reset", strconv.FormatInt(resetAt.Unix(), 10))
+
+	repo := &anthropicWindowLimitRepo{}
+	svc := NewRateLimitService(repo, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+	account := &Account{ID: 42, Type: AccountTypeOAuth, Platform: PlatformAnthropic}
+	body := []byte(`{"type":"error","error":{"details":{"error_code":"credits_required","model":"claude-fable-5","disabled_reason":"org_level_disabled"},"message":"Usage credits are required for this model."}}`)
+
+	shouldDisable := svc.HandleUpstreamError(context.Background(), account, http.StatusTooManyRequests, headers, body, "claude-fable-5")
+
+	require.False(t, shouldDisable)
+	require.Zero(t, repo.rateLimitCalls, "Fable entitlement failure must not rate limit the whole account")
+	require.Zero(t, repo.sessionWindowCalls, "Fable entitlement failure must not rewrite the shared session window")
+	require.Equal(t, 1, repo.modelRateLimitCalls)
+	require.Equal(t, anthropicFableRateLimitKey, repo.lastModelRateLimitScope)
+	require.Equal(t, resetAt, repo.lastModelRateLimitReset)
+}
+
+func TestHandleUpstreamError_AnthropicFableCreditsRequiredFallsBackToRequestedModel(t *testing.T) {
+	startedAt := time.Now()
+	repo := &anthropicWindowLimitRepo{}
+	svc := NewRateLimitService(repo, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+	account := &Account{ID: 42, Type: AccountTypeOAuth, Platform: PlatformAnthropic}
+	body := []byte(`{"type":"error","error":{"details":{"error_code":"credits_required"},"message":"Usage credits are required for this model."}}`)
+
+	svc.HandleUpstreamError(context.Background(), account, http.StatusTooManyRequests, http.Header{}, body, "claude-fable-5[1m]")
+
+	require.Zero(t, repo.rateLimitCalls)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, repo.modelRateLimitCalls)
+	require.Equal(t, anthropicFableRateLimitKey, repo.lastModelRateLimitScope)
+	require.True(t, repo.lastModelRateLimitReset.After(startedAt))
+}
+
+func TestHandleUpstreamError_AnthropicNonFableCreditsRequiredKeepsLegacyBehavior(t *testing.T) {
+	resetAt := time.Now().Add(2 * time.Hour).Truncate(time.Second)
+	headers := http.Header{}
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-reset", strconv.FormatInt(resetAt.Unix(), 10))
+
+	repo := &anthropicWindowLimitRepo{}
+	svc := NewRateLimitService(repo, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+	account := &Account{ID: 42, Type: AccountTypeOAuth, Platform: PlatformAnthropic}
+	body := []byte(`{"type":"error","error":{"details":{"error_code":"credits_required","model":"claude-opus-5"},"message":"Usage credits are required for this model."}}`)
+
+	svc.HandleUpstreamError(context.Background(), account, http.StatusTooManyRequests, headers, body, "claude-opus-5")
+
+	require.Zero(t, repo.modelRateLimitCalls)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, repo.rateLimitCalls)
+	require.Equal(t, resetAt, repo.lastRateLimitReset)
+}
+
+func TestHandleUpstreamError_AnthropicSharedWindowStillWinsWithFableCreditsRequired(t *testing.T) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	reset5h := now.Add(2 * time.Hour).Truncate(time.Second)
+	reset7d := now.Add(80 * time.Hour).Truncate(time.Second)
+	headers := http.Header{}
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-5h-status", "rejected")
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-5h-utilization", "1.0")
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-5h-reset", strconv.FormatInt(reset5h.Unix(), 10))
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-7d-status", "allowed")
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-7d-reset", strconv.FormatInt(reset7d.Unix(), 10))
+	headers.Set("anthropic-ratelimit-unified-reset", strconv.FormatInt(reset5h.Unix(), 10))
+
+	repo := &anthropicWindowLimitRepo{}
+	svc := NewRateLimitService(repo, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+	account := &Account{ID: 42, Type: AccountTypeOAuth, Platform: PlatformAnthropic}
+	body := []byte(`{"type":"error","error":{"details":{"error_code":"credits_required","model":"claude-fable-5"}}}`)
+
+	svc.HandleUpstreamError(context.Background(), account, http.StatusTooManyRequests, headers, body, "claude-fable-5")
+
+	require.Equal(t, 1, repo.modelRateLimitCalls, "Fable-specific failure should still be recorded")
+	require.Equal(t, 1, repo.rateLimitCalls, "an explicitly rejected shared window must still rate limit the account")
+	require.Equal(t, reset5h, repo.lastRateLimitReset)
+}
+
 func TestHandleUpstreamError_Anthropic5hWindowStillWinsOver7dOi(t *testing.T) {
 	// 5h 窗口 rejected 时必须仍按账号级限流处理（用 5h reset），同时记录 Fable 模型限流。
 	now := time.Now()